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网页制作学习CSS2的听觉参考

2008-02-23 08:46:10来源：互联网 阅读 ()

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听觉样式表

听觉样式表可把语音合成与音响效果相组合，使得用户可以听到信息，而不用进行阅读。

听觉呈现可用于：

  • 视觉能力低弱的人士
  • 帮助用户学习阅读
  • 帮助有阅读障碍的用户
  • 家庭娱乐
  • 在汽车中使用

听觉呈现通常会把文档转化为纯文本，然后传给屏幕阅读器（可读出屏幕上所有字符的一种程序）。

听觉样式表的一个例子：

h1, h2, h3, h4

{

voice-family: male;

richness: 80;

cue-before: url("beep.au")

}

上面的例子可以让语音合成器演奏一段声音，然后用男性的声音读出标题。

CSS2 听觉参考

W3C: The number in the "W3C" column indicates in which CSS recommendation the property is defined (CSS1 or CSS2).

属性 描述 值 W3C
azimuth Sets where the sound/voices should come from (horizontally)
  • angle
  • left-side
  • far-left
  • left
  • center-left
  • center
  • center-right
  • right
  • far-right
  • right-side
  • behind
  • leftwards
  • rightwards
2
cue A shorthand property for setting the cue-before and cue-after properties in one declaration
  • cue-before
  • cue-after
2
cue-after Specifies a sound to be played after speaking an element's content to delimit it from other
  • none
  • url
2
cue-before Specifies a sound to be played before speaking an element's content to delimit it from other
  • none
  • url
2
elevation Sets where the sound/voices should come from (vertically)
  • angle
  • below
  • level
  • above
  • higher
  • lower
2
pause A shorthand property for setting the pause-before and pause-after properties in one declaration
  • pause-before
  • pause-after
2
pause-after Specifies a pause after speaking an element's content
  • time
  • %
2
pause-before Specifies a pause before speaking an element's content
  • time
  • %
2
pitch Specifies the speaking voice
  • frequency
  • x-low
  • low
  • medium
  • high
  • x-high
2
pitch-range Specifies the variation in the speaking voice. (Monotone voice or animated voice?)
  • number
 2
play-during Specifies a sound to be played while speaking an element's content
  • auto
  • none
  • url
  • mix
  • repeat
2
richness Specifies the richness in the speaking voice. (Rich voice or thin voice?)
  • number
 2
speak Specifies whether content will render aurally
  • normal
  • none
  • spell-out
2
speak-header Specifies how to handle table headers. Should the headers be spoken before every cell, or only before a cell with a different header than the previous cell
  • always
  • once
2
speak-numeral Specifies how to speak numbers
  • digits
  • continuous
2
speak-punctuation Specifies how to speak punctuation characters
  • none
  • code
2
speech-rate Specifies the speed of the speaking
  • number
  • x-slow
  • slow
  • medium
  • fast
  • x-fast
  • faster
  • slower
2
stress Specifies the "stress" in the speaking voice
  • number
 2
voice-family A prioritized list of voice family names that contain specific voices
  • specific-voice
  • generic-voice
2
volume Specifies the volume of the speaking