跟随上次的socket sever，追加Tcplistener、Http…

2018-06-22 07:47:48来源：未知阅读 ()

一、Tcplistener搭建web server

1、同socket类似，Tcplistener其实是对socket的封装，方便编程，先初始化tcplistener并且开始监听

1 //初始化端点信息
2             IPAddress address = IPAddress.Loopback;
3             IPEndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint(address, 23333);
4             //初始化并启动监听器
5             TcpListener server = new TcpListener(endPoint);
6             server.Start();
7             Console.WriteLine("Start listening...\n");

2、然后在一个循环中加上监听到的Tcpclient进行相应处理。在这里，与socket不同，Tcplistener将监听到的请求返回成NetworkStream对象

方便程序员编程，使用流的方式进行读写即可

 1 while (true)
 2             {
 3                 //挂起并接受请求
 4                 TcpClient client = server.AcceptTcpClient();
 5                 Console.WriteLine("Create a connection.");
 6                 //获取网络流对象
 7                 NetworkStream ns = client.GetStream();
 8                 //使用utf8转码
 9                 System.Text.Encoding utf8 =System.Text.Encoding.UTF8;
10                 byte[] request = new byte[4096];
11                 int length = ns.Read(request, 0, 4096);
12                 string requestString = utf8.GetString(request, 0, length);
13                 Console.WriteLine(requestString);
14 
15                 //初始化状态行
16                 string statusLine = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\n";
17                 byte[] statusLineBytes = utf8.GetBytes(statusLine);
18 
19                 //初始化回应的主体
20                 string responseBody = "<html><head><title>From Server</title></head><body><h1>Server Test [TcpListener]</h1></body></html>";
21                 byte[] responseBodyBytes = utf8.GetBytes(responseBody);
22 
23                 //初始化回应头
24                 string responseHeader = string.Format("Content-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8\r\nContent-Length:{0}\r\n", responseBody.Length);
25                 byte[] responseHeaderBytes = utf8.GetBytes(responseHeader);
26 
27                 //回传信息
28                 ns.Write(statusLineBytes,0,statusLineBytes.Length);
29                 ns.Write(responseHeaderBytes, 0, responseHeaderBytes.Length);
30                 ns.Write(new byte[] { 13, 10 }, 0, 2);
31                 ns.Write(responseBodyBytes, 0, responseBodyBytes.Length);
32 
33                 //关闭TcpClient对象，回收资源
34                 client.Close();
35                 if (Console.KeyAvailable)
36                     break;
37             }
38             server.Stop();

3、至此，web server搭建完成

二、基于HttpListener搭建Web Server

1.在.net命名空间System.Net中提供了HttpListener类，该类使用Http.sys系统组件方可工作，故应先检查系统是否支持。初始化HttpListener对象并开始监听

 1 //查看系统是否支持
 2             if (!HttpListener.IsSupported)
 3                 throw new System.InvalidOperationException("Your system must be winXP or Server 2003 or later");
 4             string[] prefixes = new string[] { "http://localhost:23333/" };
 5 
 6             //初始化HttpListener
 7             HttpListener listener = new HttpListener();
 8             foreach (string str in prefixes)
 9                 listener.Prefixes.Add(str);
10 
11             //开启监听
12             listener.Start();
13             Console.WriteLine("Start listening...\n");

2.调用GetContext获取上下文对象，并从该对象解析出request及response。通过request的诸如HttpMethod,AcceptTypes,UserLanguages,UserAgent,Headers等属性获取请求信息。通过设置response相关属性配置回发的相关信息。使用标准流对象将回应回发出去

 1 while (true)
 2             {
 3                 //阻塞线程知道请求到来
 4                 HttpListenerContext context = listener.GetContext();
 5                 //获取请求信息
 6                 HttpListenerRequest request = context.Request;
 7                 Console.WriteLine("{0} {1} HTTP/1.1",request.HttpMethod,request.RawUrl);
 8                 Console.WriteLine("Accept:{0}", string.Join(",", request.AcceptTypes));
 9                 Console.WriteLine("Accept-Encoding:{0}", request.Headers["Accept-Encoding"]);
10 
11                 //获取response对象
12                 HttpListenerResponse response = context.Response;
13                 //初始化回应主体
14                 string responseString = @"<html><head><title>From HttpListener Server</title></head><body><h1>Server Test[HttpListener]</h1></html>";
15                 //初始化回应内容、长度、编码
16                 response.ContentLength64 = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetByteCount(responseString);
17                 response.ContentType = "text/html;charset=UTF-8";
18                 //输出回应内容
19                 System.IO.Stream output = response.OutputStream;
20                 System.IO.StreamWriter writer = new System.IO.StreamWriter(output);
21                 writer.Write(responseString);
22                 //关闭输出流
23                 writer.Close();
24                 if (Console.KeyAvailable)
25                     break;
26             }
27             listener.Stop();