首页 > > 网络编程 > Asp.Net编程 >

3.EF 6.0 Code-First实现增删查改

2018-06-22 06:03:19来源：未知 阅读 ()

新老客户大回馈,云服务器低至5折

原文链接：http://www.c-sharpcorner.com/UploadFile/3d39b4/crud-operations-using-entity-framework-5-0-code-first-approa/

或者：http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/640302/CRUD-Operations-Using-Entity-Framework-Code-Fi

系列目录：

 

  • Relationship in Entity Framework Using Code First Approach With Fluent API【【使用EF Code-First方式和Fluent API来探讨EF中的关系】】
  • Code First Migrations with Entity Framework【使用EF 做数据库迁移】
  • CRUD Operations Using Entity Framework 5.0 Code First Approach in MVC【在MVC中使用EF 5.0做增删查改】
  • CRUD Operations Using the Repository Pattern in MVC【在MVC中使用仓储模式，来做增删查改】
  • CRUD Operations Using the Generic Repository Pattern and Unit of Work in MVC【在MVC中使用泛型仓储模式和工作单元来做增删查改】
  • CRUD Operations Using the Generic Repository Pattern and Dependency Injection in MVC【在MVC中使用泛型仓储模式和依赖注入，来做增删查改】

 

本来不想写这篇的，因为感觉增删查改，实在是太Easy了。好了，为了巩固学习，还是继续吧：

打算实现书籍的增删查改，有两个实体，一个是Book【书籍实体】，另外一个是出版商实体【Publisher】，一个出版商可以出版很多书籍，一本书只能是由一个出版商出版。所以，书籍和出版商之间是一对多的关系。

先来看看整个项目的结构吧：

 

Entity实体中：

BaseEntity实体：【日期使用了数据注解，这样在显示的时候，就有格式了。】

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace EF.Entity
{
   public abstract class BaseEntity
    {

       /// <summary>
       /// ID
       /// </summary>
       public int ID { get; set; }

       /// <summary>
       /// 添加时间
       /// </summary>
       /// 
       [DataType(DataType.Date)]
       [DisplayFormat(DataFormatString = "{0:yyyy-MM-dd}", ApplyFormatInEditMode = true)]
       public DateTime AddedDate { get; set; }

       /// <summary>
       /// 修改时间
       /// </summary>
       /// 
        [DataType(DataType.Date)]
        [DisplayFormat(DataFormatString = "{0:yyyy-MM-dd}", ApplyFormatInEditMode = true)]
       public DateTime ModifiedDate { get; set; }
    }
}

 

 Book实体：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace EF.Entity
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Book实体
    /// </summary>
    public class Book:BaseEntity
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 书名
        /// </summary>
        public string BookName { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 书的作者
        /// </summary>
        public string BookAuthor { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 书的价格
        /// </summary>
        public decimal BookPrice { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 出版商编号
        /// </summary>
        public int PublisherId { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 导航属性---出版商
        /// </summary>
        public virtual Publisher Publisher { get; set; }
    }
}

 

出版商实体：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;

namespace EF.Entity
{
   public class Publisher:BaseEntity
    {
       /// <summary>
       /// 出版商的名字
       /// </summary>
       public string PublisherName { get; set; }

       /// <summary>
       /// 导航属性
       /// </summary>
       public virtual ICollection<Book> Books { get; set; }
    }
}

 

然后在EF.Data项目中：

BookMap类：

using EF.Entity;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace EF.Data
{
    public class BookMap:EntityTypeConfiguration<Book>
    {
        public BookMap()
        {
            //配置主键
            this.HasKey(s => s.ID);
            //配置字段
            this.Property(s => s.ID).HasDatabaseGeneratedOption(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity);
            this.Property(s => s.BookName).HasColumnType("nvarchar").HasMaxLength(50).IsRequired();
           // this.Property(s => s.BookAuthor).HasColumnType("nvarchar(50)").IsRequired();//注意这个和BookName字段配置的区别之处:这样写EF生成不了数据库
            this.Property(s => s.BookAuthor).HasColumnType("nvarchar").HasMaxLength(50).IsRequired();
            this.Property(s => s.BookPrice).IsRequired();
            this.Property(s => s.AddedDate).IsRequired();
            this.Property(s => s.ModifiedDate).IsRequired();
            this.Property(s => s.PublisherId).IsRequired();
          
            //配置关系[一个出版商可以出版很多书籍]【外键单独配置，不是必须在Property中配置，当然也可以在Property中配置】
            this.HasRequired(s => s.Publisher).WithMany(s => s.Books).HasForeignKey(s => s.PublisherId).WillCascadeOnDelete(true);

            //配置表名字
            this.ToTable("Books");
           

        }
    }
}

PublisherMap类：

using EF.Entity;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations.Schema;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace EF.Data
{
   public class PublisherMap:EntityTypeConfiguration<Publisher>
    {
       public PublisherMap()
       {
           //配置主键
           this.HasKey(s => s.ID);
           this.Property(s => s.ID).HasDatabaseGeneratedOption(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity);
          // this.Property(s => s.PublisherName).HasColumnType("nvarchar(50)").IsRequired();//这样写，有问题，生成不了数据库
           this.Property(s => s.PublisherName).HasColumnType("nvarchar").HasMaxLength(50).IsRequired();
           this.Property(s => s.AddedDate).IsRequired();
           this.Property(s => s.ModifiedDate).IsRequired();
          
       }
    }
}

 

出版商我这里不做增删查改，到时候手动添加几条数据进去，然后在Book的视图中，把出版商做成下拉框的样式：所以我这里额外添加一个实体：【PublisherModel实体中的构造函数里的初始化属性嗲吗，不能忘记！！！】

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace EF.Web.Models
{
    public class PublisherModel
    {
        public PublisherModel()
        {
            PublisherList = new List<SelectListItem>();
        }

        [Display(Name="PublisherName")]
        public int PublisherID { get; set; }

        public List<SelectListItem> PublisherList { get; set; }
    }
}

 

数据上下文类：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Data.Entity.ModelConfiguration;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace EF.Data
{
   public class EFDbContext:DbContext
    {
       public EFDbContext()
           : base("name=DbConnectionString")
       { 
       
       }

       protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
       {
           var typesToRegister = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetTypes()
        .Where(type => !String.IsNullOrEmpty(type.Namespace))
        .Where(type => type.BaseType != null && type.BaseType.IsGenericType
             && type.BaseType.GetGenericTypeDefinition() == typeof(EntityTypeConfiguration<>));
           foreach (var type in typesToRegister)
           {
               dynamic configurationInstance = Activator.CreateInstance(type);
               modelBuilder.Configurations.Add(configurationInstance);
           }  
           //base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);
       }
    }
}

Ef.Data项目和Web项目中都要加上连接字符串：

<connectionStrings>
    <add name="DbConnectionString" connectionString="Server=.;Database=EFCURDDB;uid=sa;Pwd=Password_1" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/>
  </connectionStrings>

 

现在看看Web项目：

using EF.Data;
using EF.Entity;
using EF.Web.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data.Entity;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace EF.Web.Controllers
{
    public class BookController : Controller
    {
        private EFDbContext db;
        public BookController()
        {
            db = new EFDbContext();
        }
        #region 列表
        /// <summary>
        /// 列表
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ActionResult Index()
        {
            return View(db.Set<Book>().ToList());
        }
        #endregion

        #region AddBook
        /// <summary>
        /// 添加Book
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ActionResult AddBook()
        {
            PublisherModel model = new PublisherModel();
            List<Publisher> listPublisher = db.Set<Publisher>().ToList();

            foreach (var item in listPublisher)
            {
                model.PublisherList.Add(new SelectListItem()
                {
                    Text = item.PublisherName,
                    Value = item.ID.ToString()

                });
            }

            ViewBag.PublishedList = model.PublisherList;


            return View();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加Book
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult AddBook([Bind(Include = "BookName,BookAuthor,BookPrice,AddedDate,ModifiedDate,PublisherId")] Book model)
        {
            Book addBook = new Book() {
            AddedDate=model.AddedDate,
            BookAuthor=model.BookAuthor,
            BookName=model.BookName,
            BookPrice=model.BookPrice,
            ModifiedDate=model.ModifiedDate,
            PublisherId = Convert.ToInt32( Request["PublishedName"].ToString())
                //这里因为出版商我用的是另外的Model，视图中使用模型绑定只能用一个Model，所以修改和添加只能这样搞了。
            
            };
            db.Entry(addBook).State = EntityState.Added;
            db.SaveChanges();
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
        #endregion

        #region UpdateBook
        /// <summary>
        /// 修改Book
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="bookId"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public ActionResult UpdateBook(int bookId)
        {
            PublisherModel model = new PublisherModel();
            List<Publisher> listPublisher = db.Set<Publisher>().ToList();

            foreach (var item in listPublisher)
            {
                model.PublisherList.Add(new SelectListItem()
                {
                    Text = item.PublisherName,
                    Value = item.ID.ToString()

                });
            }

            ViewBag.PublishedList = model.PublisherList;



            Book bookModel = db.Set<Book>().Where(s => s.ID == bookId).FirstOrDefault();
            return View(bookModel);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 修改Book
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="model"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult UpdateBook([Bind(Include = "ID,BookName,BookAuthor,BookPrice,AddedDate,ModifiedDate,PublisherId")] Book model)  //注意这里一定别忘记绑定 ID列哦
        {
            Book bookModel = db.Set<Book>().Where(s => s.ID == model.ID).FirstOrDefault();
          
            if (bookModel != null)
            {
                Book updatemodel = new Book() {
                    AddedDate = model.AddedDate,
                    BookAuthor = model.BookAuthor,
                    ID = model.ID,
                    ModifiedDate = model.ModifiedDate,
                    BookName = model.BookName,
                    BookPrice = model.BookPrice,
                    PublisherId = Convert.ToInt32(Request["PublishedName"].ToString())//这里因为出版商我用的是另外的Model，视图中使用模型绑定只能用一个Model，所以修改和添加只能这样搞了。
                };
                db.Entry(bookModel).CurrentValues.SetValues(updatemodel);  //保存的另外一种方式
                db.SaveChanges();
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
            else
            {
                return View(model);
            }

            #region 保存的方式二
            //db.Entry(model).State = EntityState.Modified;
            //db.SaveChanges();
            //return RedirectToAction("Index"); 
            #endregion
        }
        #endregion

        #region DeleteBook
        public ActionResult DeleteBook(int bookId)
        {
            Book model = db.Set<Book>().Where(s => s.ID == bookId).FirstOrDefault();
            return View(model);
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public ActionResult DeleteBook(int bookId, FormCollection form)
        {
            Book model = db.Set<Book>().Where(s => s.ID == bookId).FirstOrDefault();
            db.Entry(model).State = EntityState.Deleted;
            db.SaveChanges();
            return RedirectToAction("Index");
        }
        #endregion

    }
}

 

视图代码，我使用MVC模板生成：【适当做修改】

AddBook视图：

@model EF.Entity.Book

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "AddBook";
}

<h2>AddBook</h2>


@using (Html.BeginForm("AddBook","Book",FormMethod.Post)) 
{
    @Html.AntiForgeryToken()
    
    <div class="form-horizontal">
        <h4>Book</h4>
        <hr />
        @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.AddedDate, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.AddedDate, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.AddedDate, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.ModifiedDate, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.ModifiedDate, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.ModifiedDate, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.BookName, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.BookName, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.BookName, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.BookAuthor, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.BookAuthor, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.BookAuthor, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.BookPrice, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.BookPrice, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.BookPrice, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.PublisherId, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownList("PublishedName", ViewData["PublishedList"] as List<SelectListItem>)
                @*@Html.EditorFor(model => model.PublisherId, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })*@
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.PublisherId, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
                <input type="submit" value="Create" class="btn btn-default" />
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
}

<div>
    @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index")
</div>

<script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js"></script>

UpdateBook视图：

@model EF.Entity.Book

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "UpdateBook";
}

<h2>UpdateBook</h2>


@using (Html.BeginForm("UpdateBook","Book",FormMethod.Post))
{
    @Html.AntiForgeryToken()
    
    <div class="form-horizontal">
        <h4>Book</h4>
        <hr />
        @Html.ValidationSummary(true, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
        @Html.HiddenFor(model => model.ID)

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.AddedDate, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.AddedDate, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.AddedDate, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.ModifiedDate, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.ModifiedDate, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.ModifiedDate, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.BookName, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.BookName, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.BookName, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.BookAuthor, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.BookAuthor, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.BookAuthor, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.BookPrice, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.EditorFor(model => model.BookPrice, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.BookPrice, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.PublisherId, htmlAttributes: new { @class = "control-label col-md-2" })
            <div class="col-md-10">
                @Html.DropDownList("PublishedName", ViewData["PublishedList"] as List<SelectListItem>)
                @*@Html.EditorFor(model => model.PublisherId, new { htmlAttributes = new { @class = "form-control" } })*@
                @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.PublisherId, "", new { @class = "text-danger" })
            </div>
        </div>

        <div class="form-group">
            <div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
                <input type="submit" value="Save" class="btn btn-default" />
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
}

<div>
    @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index")
</div>

<script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js"></script>

注意:这里我只是把有改动的视图贴了出来，其他的视图，根据MVC模板生成之后，就不用管了。

@model IEnumerable<EF.Entity.Book>

@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Index";
}

<h2>Index</h2>

<p>
    @Html.ActionLink("Create New", "AddBook")
</p>
<table class="table">
    <tr>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.AddedDate)
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.ModifiedDate)
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.BookName)
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.BookAuthor)
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.BookPrice)
        </th>
        <th>
            @Html.DisplayNameFor(model => model.PublisherId)
        </th>
        <th></th>
    </tr>

@foreach (var item in Model) {
    <tr>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.AddedDate)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.ModifiedDate)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.BookName)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.BookAuthor)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.BookPrice)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.PublisherId)
        </td>
        <td>
            @Html.ActionLink("Edit", "UpdateBook", new { bookId = item.ID }) |
            @Html.ActionLink("Details", "DetailsBook", new { bookId = item.ID }) |
            @Html.ActionLink("Delete", "DeleteBook", new { bookId = item.ID })
        </td>
    </tr>
}

</table>

效果图：

 

 

 

 总结：1.下拉框实体中，构造函数初始化语句不能忘记。

2.修改的方式，有新变化看代码；

3.模型绑定的时候，特别要注意，Bind的字段，修改的时候，Bind字段ID不能少。

 

标签：

版权申明：本站文章部分自网络，如有侵权，请联系：west999com@outlook.com
特别注意：本站所有转载文章言论不代表本站观点，本站所提供的摄影照片，插画，设计作品，如需使用，请与原作者联系，版权归原作者所有

上一篇：【开源分享：入门到精通ASP.NET MVC+EF6+Bootstrap】从这里开始

下一篇：ASP.NET MVC——URL路由

相关文章

IDC资讯： 主机资讯 注册资讯 托管资讯 vps资讯 网站建设

网站运营： 建站经验 策划盈利 搜索优化 网站推广 免费资源

网站联盟： 联盟新闻 联盟介绍 联盟点评 网赚技巧

行业资讯： 搜索引擎 网络游戏 电子商务 广告传媒

网络编程： Asp.Net编程 Asp编程 Php编程 Xml编程 Access Mssql Mysql 其它

服务器技术： Web服务器 Ftp服务器 Mail服务器 Dns服务器 安全防护

软件技巧： 其它软件 Word Excel Powerpoint Ghost Vista QQ空间 QQ FlashGet 迅雷

网页制作： FrontPages Dreamweaver Javascript css photoshop fireworks Flash

程序设计： Java技术 C/C++ VB delphi

网络知识： 网络协议 网络安全 网络管理 组网方案 Cisco技术

操作系统： Win2000 WinXP Win2003 Mac OS Linux FreeBSD

热门词条
最新资讯
热门关注
热门标签