python 简单爬取今日头条热点新闻(一)

!function(t) {
    var e = {};
    e.getHoney = function() {
        var t = Math.floor((new Date).getTime() / 1e3)
          , e = t.toString(16).toUpperCase()
          , i = md5(t).toString().toUpperCase();
        if (8 != e.length)
            return {
                as: "479BB4B7254C150",
                cp: "7E0AC8874BB0985"
            };
        for (var n = i.slice(0, 5), a = i.slice(-5), s = "", o = 0; 5 > o; o++)
            s += n[o] + e[o];
        for (var r = "", c = 0; 5 > c; c++)
            r += e[c + 3] + a[c];
        return {
            as: "A1" + s + e.slice(-3),
            cp: e.slice(0, 3) + r + "E1"
        }
    }
    ,
    t.ascp = e
}(window, document),

def get_as_cp():  # 该函数主要是为了获取as和cp参数，程序参考今日头条中的加密js文件：home_4abea46.js
	zz = {}
	now = round(time.time())
	print(now) # 获取当前计算机时间
	e = hex(int(now)).upper()[2:] #hex()转换一个整数对象为16进制的字符串表示
	print('e:', e)
	a = hashlib.md5()  #hashlib.md5().hexdigest()创建hash对象并返回16进制结果
	print('a:', a)
	a.update(str(int(now)).encode('utf-8'))
	i = a.hexdigest().upper()
	print('i:', i)
	if len(e)!=8:
		zz = {'as':'479BB4B7254C150',
		'cp':'7E0AC8874BB0985'}
		return zz
	n = i[:5]
	a = i[-5:]
	r = ''
	s = ''
	for i in range(5):
		s= s+n[i]+e[i]
	for j in range(5):
		r = r+e[j+3]+a[j]
	zz ={
	'as':'A1'+s+e[-3:],
	'cp':e[0:3]+r+'E1'
	}
	print('zz:', zz)
	return zz

import requests
import json
from openpyxl import Workbook
import time
import hashlib
import os
import datetime

start_url = 'https://www.toutiao.com/api/pc/feed/?category=news_hot&utm_source=toutiao&widen=1&max_behot_time='
url = 'https://www.toutiao.com'

headers={
	'user-agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_3) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/71.0.3578.98 Safari/537.36'
}
cookies = {'tt_webid':'6649949084894053895'} # 此处cookies可从浏览器中查找，为了避免被头条禁止爬虫

max_behot_time = '0'   # 链接参数
title = []       # 存储新闻标题
source_url = []  # 存储新闻的链接
s_url = []       # 存储新闻的完整链接
source = []      # 存储发布新闻的公众号
media_url = {}   # 存储公众号的完整链接


def get_as_cp():  # 该函数主要是为了获取as和cp参数，程序参考今日头条中的加密js文件：home_4abea46.js
	zz = {}
	now = round(time.time())
	print(now) # 获取当前计算机时间
	e = hex(int(now)).upper()[2:] #hex()转换一个整数对象为16进制的字符串表示
	print('e:', e)
	a = hashlib.md5()  #hashlib.md5().hexdigest()创建hash对象并返回16进制结果
	print('a:', a)
	a.update(str(int(now)).encode('utf-8'))
	i = a.hexdigest().upper()
	print('i:', i)
	if len(e)!=8:
		zz = {'as':'479BB4B7254C150',
		'cp':'7E0AC8874BB0985'}
		return zz
	n = i[:5]
	a = i[-5:]
	r = ''
	s = ''
	for i in range(5):
		s= s+n[i]+e[i]
	for j in range(5):
		r = r+e[j+3]+a[j]
	zz ={
	'as':'A1'+s+e[-3:],
	'cp':e[0:3]+r+'E1'
	}
	print('zz:', zz)
	return zz


def getdata(url, headers, cookies):  # 解析网页函数
	r = requests.get(url, headers=headers, cookies=cookies)
	print(url)
	data = json.loads(r.text)
	return data


def savedata(title, s_url, source, media_url):  # 存储数据到文件
	# 存储数据到xlxs文件
	wb = Workbook()
	if not os.path.isdir(os.getcwd()+'/result'):   # 判断文件夹是否存在
		os.makedirs(os.getcwd()+'/result') # 新建存储文件夹
	filename = os.getcwd()+'/result/result-'+datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H-%m')+'.xlsx' # 新建存储结果的excel文件
	ws = wb.active
	ws.title = 'data'   # 更改工作表的标题
	ws['A1'] = '标题'   # 对表格加入标题
	ws['B1'] = '新闻链接'
	ws['C1'] = '头条号'
	ws['D1'] = '头条号链接'
	for row in range(2, len(title)+2):   # 将数据写入表格
		_= ws.cell(column=1, row=row, value=title[row-2])
		_= ws.cell(column=2, row=row, value=s_url[row-2])
		_= ws.cell(column=3, row=row, value=source[row-2])
		_= ws.cell(column=4, row=row, value=media_url[source[row-2]])

	wb.save(filename=filename)  # 保存文件



def main(max_behot_time, title, source_url, s_url, source, media_url):   # 主函数
	for i in range(3):   # 此处的数字类似于你刷新新闻的次数，正常情况下刷新一次会出现10条新闻，但夜存在少于10条的情况；所以最后的结果并不一定是10的倍数
		ascp = get_as_cp()    # 获取as和cp参数的函数
		demo = getdata(start_url+max_behot_time+'&max_behot_time_tmp='+max_behot_time+'&tadrequire=true&as='+ascp['as']+'&cp='+ascp['cp'], headers, cookies)
		print(demo)
		# time.sleep(1)
		for j in range(len(demo['data'])):
			# print(demo['data'][j]['title'])
			if demo['data'][j]['title'] not in title:
				title.append(demo['data'][j]['title'])  # 获取新闻标题
				source_url.append(demo['data'][j]['source_url'])  # 获取新闻链接
				source.append(demo['data'][j]['source'])  # 获取发布新闻的公众号
			if demo['data'][j]['source'] not in media_url:
				media_url[demo['data'][j]['source']] = url+demo['data'][j]['media_url']  # 获取公众号链接
		print(max_behot_time)
		max_behot_time = str(demo['next']['max_behot_time'])  # 获取下一个链接的max_behot_time参数的值
		for index in range(len(title)):
			print('标题：', title[index])
			if 'https' not in source_url[index]:
				s_url.append(url+source_url[index])
				print('新闻链接：', url+source_url[index])
			else:
				print('新闻链接：', source_url[index])
				s_url.append(source_url[index])
				# print('源链接：', url+source_url[index])
			print('头条号：', source[index])
			print(len(title))   # 获取的新闻数量

if __name__ == '__main__':
	main(max_behot_time, title, source_url, s_url, source, media_url)
	savedata(title, s_url, source, media_url)