(项目)生鲜超市(七)

2018-11-27 08:31:20来源:博客园 阅读 ()

新老客户大回馈,云服务器低至5折

八、商品详情页功能

1、viewsets实现商品详情页接口

  商品的轮播图是一个外键,序列化的时候需要用嵌套的方式来实现:

 1 class GoodsImageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
 2     """商品轮播图"""
 3 
 4     class Meta:
 5         model = GoodsImage
 6         fields = ('image',)
 7 
 8 
 9 class GoodsSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
10     # 覆盖外键字段
11     category = CategorySerializer()
12 
13     # images是设置的related_name="images",把轮播图嵌套进来
14     images = GoodsImageSerializer(many=True)
15 
16     class Meta:
17         model = Goods
18         fields = '__all__'

  商品详情页面只需要在商品列表页的接口中继承mixins.RetrieveModelMixin就可以了:

 1 class GoodsListViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
 2     """商品列表页面"""
 3 
 4     pagination_class = GoodsPagination
 5     queryset = Goods.objects.all().order_by('id')  # 必须定义一个默认的排序,否则会报错
 6     serializer_class = GoodsSerializer
 7     filter_backends = (DjangoFilterBackend, filters.SearchFilter, filters.OrderingFilter)
 8 
 9     # 自定义过滤类
10     filter_class = GoodsFilter
11 
12     # 搜索,=name表示精确搜索,也可以使用正则
13     search_fields = ('name', 'goods_brief', 'goods_desc')
14 
15     # 排序
16     ordering_fields = ('sold_num', 'shop_price')

  现在就可以获取到某一个商品的详细数据了:

2、热卖商品接口实现

  只需要在goods/filter.py中加上is_hot的过滤条件即可:

 1 class GoodsFilter(django_filters.rest_framework.FilterSet):
 2     """商品过滤"""
 3 
 4     # name是要过滤的字段,lookup是执行的行为
 5     pricemin = django_filters.NumberFilter(field_name="shop_price", lookup_expr='gte')
 6     pricemax = django_filters.NumberFilter(field_name="shop_price", lookup_expr='lte')
 7     top_category = django_filters.NumberFilter(field_name="category", method='top_category_filter')
 8 
 9     def top_category_filter(self, queryset, name, value):
10         # 不管当前点击的是一级分类二级分类还是三级分类,都能找到
11         return queryset.filter(Q(category_id=value) | Q(category__parent_category_id=value) | Q(
12             category__parent_category__parent_category_id=value))
13 
14     class Meta:
15         model = Goods
16         fields = ['pricemin', 'pricemax', 'is_hot']

  然后在后台中将商品的是否热销选为True,现在点开商品详情,最下面有热卖商品就会显示出来:

3、用户收藏接口

  在user_operation下新建serializers.py文件,序列化用户收藏model的字段:

 1 from rest_framework import serializers
 2 from rest_framework.validators import UniqueTogetherValidator
 3 
 4 from .models import UserFav
 5 
 6 
 7 class UserFavSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
 8     # 获取当前登录的用户
 9     user = serializers.HiddenField(default=serializers.CurrentUserDefault())
10 
11     class Meta:
12         # validate实现唯一联合,一个商品只能收藏一次
13         validators = [
14             UniqueTogetherValidator(
15                 queryset=UserFav.objects.all(),
16                 fields=('user', 'goods'),
17                 # message的信息可以自定义
18                 message="已收藏"
19             )
20         ]
21         model = UserFav
22         # 收藏的时候需要返回商品的id,因为取消收藏的时候必须知道商品的id是多少
23         fields = ('user', 'goods', 'id')

  然后在views.py中编写用户收藏的接口,收藏需要继承CreateModelMixin(添加收藏),DestroyModelMixin(删除收藏),ListModelMixin(获取已收藏的商品列表),RetrieveModelMixin(用于查询该商品是否被收藏):

 1 from rest_framework import mixins, viewsets
 2 
 3 from .serializers import UserFavSerializer
 4 from .models import UserFav
 5 
 6 class UserFavViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin,
 7                      mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
 8     """用户收藏"""
 9 
10     queryset = UserFav.objects.all()
11     serializer_class = UserFavSerializer

  注册url:

1 router.register(r'userfavs', UserFavViewSet, base_name='userfavs')  # 用户收藏

  然后测试该接口,收藏三个商品,查看已收藏列表:

  重复收藏商品会提示已收藏:

4、drf的权限验证

  在utils下新建permissions.py,这个官网有实例,直接复制过来即可,把其中的owner改为user即可:

 1 from rest_framework import permissions
 2 
 3 
 4 class IsOwnerOrReadOnly(permissions.BasePermission):
 5     """
 6     Object-level permission to only allow owners of an object to edit it.
 7     Assumes the model instance has an `owner` attribute.
 8     """
 9 
10     def has_object_permission(self, request, view, obj):
11         # Read permissions are allowed to any request,
12         # so we'll always allow GET, HEAD or OPTIONS requests.
13         if request.method in permissions.SAFE_METHODS:
14             return True
15 
16         # Instance must have an attribute named `owner`.
17         # obj相当于数据库中的model,这里要把owner改为我们数据库中的user
18         return obj.user == request.user

  在用户收藏接口中完善权限,收藏只有登录用户才能收藏且必须是当前登录用户,用户只能获取到自己收藏的列表,不能获取全部:

 1 class UserFavViewSet(mixins.ListModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin,
 2                      mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
 3     """用户收藏"""
 4 
 5     serializer_class = UserFavSerializer
 6 
 7     # permission是权限验证 IsAuthenticated必须登录用户 IsOwnerOrReadOnly必须是当前登录的用户
 8     permission_classes = (IsAuthenticated, IsOwnerOrReadOnly)
 9 
10     # authentication是用户认证
11     authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication, SessionAuthentication)
12 
13     # 搜索的字段
14     lookup_field = 'goods_id'
15 
16     # 只能查看当前登录用户的收藏,不会获取所有用户的收藏
17     def get_queryset(self):
18         return UserFav.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)
  • JSONWebTokenAuthentication认证不应该全局配置,因为用户获取商品信息或者其它页面的时候并不需要此认证,所以这个认证只要局部中添加就可以
  • 删除settings中的rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication

5、Vue和用户收藏接口联调

  修改Vue前端代码中的host:

 1 //收藏
 2 export const addFav = params => { return axios.post(`${host}/userfavs/`, params) }
 3 
 4 //取消收藏
 5 export const delFav = goodsId => { return axios.delete(`${host}/userfavs/`+goodsId+'/') }
 6 
 7 export const getAllFavs = () => { return axios.get(`${host}/userfavs/`) }
 8 
 9 //判断是否收藏
10 export const getFav = goodsId => { return axios.get(`${host}/userfavs/`+goodsId+'/') }

 

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