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Python 三级菜单增强版

2018-06-18 02:54:05来源：未知阅读 ()

需要实现的功能是：
三级菜单
1.从文本内读出选项
2.查询每一级的选项，并能对选项进行增/删/改功能
3.每一级可以退出程序或者返回上一层

2018-5-14 更新内容

思路

实现过程中的BUG及解决方案：

1. windowsError [Error 32]

说明：进程无法访问文件，因为另一个程序正在使用此文件。

解决：在对文件进行操作之前进行关闭文件操作

代码实现：

    FileRead.close()
    FileWrite.close()
    os.remove('city.txt')
    os.renames('city_backup.txt','city.txt')

2 .ValueError: I/O operation on closed file

说明：操作的文件已经关闭

解决：在对文件进行读取内容或者写入内容之前打开文件

代码实现：

    os.remove('city.txt')
    os.renames('city_backup.txt','city.txt')
    FileRead = io.open('city.txt', 'r', encoding='utf8')
    FileWrite = open('city_backup.txt', 'w+')

3.TypeError: expected a string or other character buffer object

说明：数据类型与预定的数据类型不一致

解决：使用eval函数讲读取到的字符串转为字典，写入文件的时候用str函数将字典转为字符串

代码实现：

menu = eval(FileRead.read())
menucopy = str(menu)
FileWrite.write(menucopy)

项目代码

 1 #coding=utf-8
 2 #__author:Administrator
 3 #__time:2018/5/14 17:34
 4 #__file_name:22222
 5 import io
 6 import os
 7 Operation =['a','b','c','d','q','A','B','C','D','Q']
 8 FileRead = io.open('city.txt', 'r', encoding='utf8')
 9 FileWrite = open('city_backup.txt', 'w+')
10 menu = eval(FileRead.read())
11 
12 def Judge(Province,municipality):                                     #对菜单层级进行判断，返回该级菜单字典
13     if (Province == 0)and(municipality == 0): return menu
14     elif (Province != 0)and(municipality == 0): return menu[Province]
15     else : return menu[Province][municipality]
16 
17 def OperationJudge(Province,city,choice):                            #对输入操作，决定下一步动作
18     if choice == 'b' and Province !=0 and city !=0 : shi(Province)
19     elif choice == 'b' and Province !=0 :shen()
20     elif choice == 'q': exit()
21     elif choice == 'd':FileDel(Province,city)
22     elif choice == 'c':FileChance(Province,city)
23     elif choice == 'a':FileAppend(Province,city)
24 
25 def FileAppend(Province,municipality):                               #增加项目模块
26     MenuAppend = Judge(Province,municipality)
27     CityAppend = raw_input("请输入添加的城市\n",)
28     MenuAppend[CityAppend]={}
29     ExChange(Province,municipality)
30 
31 def FileDel(Province,municipality):                                  #删除项目模块
32     MenuDel = Judge(Province,municipality)
33     CityDel = raw_input("请输入你要删除的城市\n",)
34     MenuDel.pop(CityDel)
35     ExChange(Province,municipality)
36 
37 def FileChance(Province,municipality):                              #改变项目模块
38     MenuChance = Judge(Province,municipality)
39     CityChance = raw_input("请输入被替换的城市\n",)
40     if CityChance in MenuChance : CityChanced = raw_input("请输入替换的城市\n",)
41     MenuChance[CityChanced] = MenuChance[CityChance]
42     MenuChance.pop(CityChance)
43     ExChange(Province,municipality)
44 
45 def ExChange(Province,municipality):                                #对改变的项目写入文件当中进行保存
46     global FileRead,FileWrite
47     menucopy =str(menu)
48     FileWrite.write(menucopy)
49     FileRead.close()
50     FileWrite.close()
51     os.remove('city.txt')
52     os.renames('city_backup.txt','city.txt')
53     FileRead = io.open('city.txt', 'r', encoding='utf8')
54     FileWrite = open('city_backup.txt', 'w+')
55     if (Province == 0)and(municipality == 0): shen()
56     elif (Province != 0)and(municipality == 0): shi(Province)
57     else : xian(Province,municipality)
58 
59 def shen():                                                         #第一级菜单查找
60     for i in menu:print (i)
61     Province = raw_input('请输入你选择的省份\n',)
62     if Province in Operation : OperationJudge(0,0,Province)
63     elif (Province in menu) and menu[Province]!= {}: shi(Province)
64     elif Province not in menu :
65         print '请输入正确的省份\n'
66         shen()
67     elif menu[Province] == {} :
68         print "该省下面没有市，请添加\n"
69         FileAppend(Province,0)
70     elif Province == '':
71         print '请输入正确的省份\n'
72         shen()
73 
74 def shi(Province):                                                     #第二级菜单查找
75     for i in menu[Province]: print (i)
76     city = raw_input('请输入你选择的市或退出程序(Q)或返回上一级菜单(B)\n')
77     if city in Operation : OperationJudge(Province,0,city)
78     elif (city in menu[Province])and (menu[Province][city]!={}):xian(Province,city)
79     elif  city not in menu[Province] :
80         print  '请输入正确的市\n'
81         shi(Province)
82     elif menu[Province][city] == {} :
83         print "该市下面没有县或区，请添加\n"
84         FileAppend(Province,city)
85     elif city == '':
86         '请输入正确的市\n'
87         shi(Province)
88 
89 def xian(Province,city):                                           #第三级菜单查找
90     for i in menu[Province][city]: print (i)
91     city2 = raw_input('请选择退出(Q)或返回(B)\n')
92     if city2 in Operation : OperationJudge(Province,city,city2)
93     else:
94         print '请输入正确的区或县\n'
95         xian(Province,city)
96 
97 shen()

2018-5-13

思路

三个操作模块，分别是增/删/改功能
三个查询模块，分别对每一级别进行查询

报错信息：
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "E:/python/day8/three menu.py", line 79, in <module>
    shen()
  File "E:/python/day8/three menu.py", line 37, in shen
    elif city == 'a':FileAppend(menu)
  File "E:/python/day8/three menu.py", line 17, in FileAppend
    ExChange()
  File "E:/python/day8/three menu.py", line 47, in ExChange
    FileWrite.write(menu)
TypeError: expected a string or other character buffer object

 1 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
 2 #__filename:three menu
 3 #__time:2018/5/13 22:04
 4 
 5 import io
 6 import os
 7 
 8 FileRead = io.open('city','r',encoding='utf8')
 9 FileWrite= open('city_backup','w+')
10 menu = eval(FileRead.read())
11 
12 def FileAppend(MenuAppend):
13 
14     CityAppend = raw_input("请输入添加的城市",)
15     MenuAppend['CityAppend']={}
16     ExChange()
17 
18 def FileDel(MenuDel):
19     CityDel = raw_input("请输入你要删除的城市",)
20     MenuDel.pop('CityDel')
21     ExChange()
22 
23 def FileChance(MenuChance):
24     CityChance = raw_input("请输入被替换的城市",)
25     if CityChance in MenuChance : CityChanced = raw_input("请输入替换的城市",)
26     MenuChance['CityChanced'] = MenuChance['CityChance']
27     MenuChance.pop('CityChance')
28     ExChange()
29 
30 def shen():
31     for i in menu:print (i)
32     city = raw_input('请输入你选择的省份',)
33     if city == 'q': exit()
34     elif city == 'd':FileDel(menu)
35     elif city == 'c':FileChance(menu)
36     elif city == 'a':FileAppend(menu)
37     elif (city in menu) and (menu[city]!=0): shi(city)
38     elif menu[city]==0 :
39         print "该省下面没有市，请添加"
40         FileAppend(menu[city])
41     else:
42         print '请输入正确的省份'
43         shen()
44 
45 def ExChange():
46     FileWrite.write(menu)
47     FileRead.close()
48     FileWrite.close()
49     os.remove('FileRead')
50     os.renames('FileWrite','FileRead')
51 
52 def shi(city):
53     for i in menu[city]: print (i)
54     city1 = raw_input('请输入你选择的市或退出程序(Q)或返回上一级菜单(B)').strip()
55     if city1 == 'b':shen()
56     elif city1 == 'q':exit()
57     elif city1 == 'd':FileDel(menu[city])
58     elif city1 == 'c':FileChance(menu[city])
59     elif city1 == 'a':FileAppend(menu[city])
60     elif (city1 in menu[city])and (menu[city][city1]!=0):xian(city,city1)
61     elif menu[city][city1]==0 : FileAppend( menu[city][city1])
62     else:
63         '请输入正确的市'
64         shi(city)
65 
66 def xian(city,city1):
67     for i in menu[city][city1]: print (i)
68     city2 = raw_input('请选择退出(Q)或返回(B) ')
69     if city2 == 'b': shi(city)
70     elif city2 == 'q': exit()
71     elif city2 == 'd':FileDel(menu[city][city1])
72     elif city2 == 'c':FileChance(menu[city][city1])
73     elif city2 == 'a':FileAppend(menu[city][city1])
74     else:
75         '请输入正确的区或县'
76         xian(city, city1)
77 
78 shen()