狗书（flask基础）

pip install flask

from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return '<h1>Hello World!</h1>'

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route('/')
def index():
    return '<h1>Hello World!</h1>'


@app.route('/user/<name>')
def user(name):
    return '<h1>Hello, {}!</h1>'.format(name)
if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run()

from flask import request
@app.route('/')
def index():
    user_agent = request.headers.get('User-Agent')
    return '<p>Your browser is %s</p>' % user_agent

#转载至csdn，http://blog.csdn.net/hyman_c/article/details/52548540
import threading

localobj = threading.local()#flask中的request就是这样的概念


def threadfunc(name):
    localobj.name = name
    print('localobj.name is %s' % name)


if __name__ == '__main__':
    t1 = threading.Thread(target=threadfunc, args=('Hyman',))
    t2 = threading.Thread(target=threadfunc, args=('liuzhihui',))
    t1.start()
    t2.start()
    t1.join()
    t2.join()

from hello import app
from flask import current_app
app_ctx = app.app_context()
app_ctx.push()
current_app.name
'hello'

from flask import g
g.name='manno'

session['name']=form.name.data

app.url_map
Map([<Rule '/' (GET, HEAD, OPTIONS) -> index>,
 <Rule '/static/<filename>' (GET, HEAD, OPTIONS) -> static>,
 <Rule '/user/<name>' (GET, HEAD, OPTIONS) -> user>])

from flask import g

@app.route('/test')  
def test():  
    return g.string  

@app.before_first_request  
def bf_first_request():  
    g.string = 'before_first_request'  

@app.route('/')
def index():
    return '<h1>Bad Request</h1>', 400

from flask import make_response
@app.route('/')
def index():
    response = make_response('<h1>This document carries a cookie!</h1>')
    response.set_cookie('answer', '42')#创建对象，给对象加cookie
    return response

from flask import redirect
@app.route('/')
def index():
    return redirect('http://www.example.com')

from flask import abort
@app.route('/user/<id>')
def get_user(id):
    user = load_user(id)
    if not user:
        abort(404)
    return '<h1>Hello, %s</h1>' % user.name

pip install flask-script

from flask.ext.script import Manager
manager = Manager(app)

if __name__ == '__main__':
manager.run()

from flask import Flask
from flask_script import Manager

app = Flask(__name__)

manager = Manager(app)


@app.route('/')
def index():
    return '<h1>Hello World!</h1>'


@app.route('/user/<name>')
def user(name):
    return '<h1>Hello, %s!</h1>' % name


if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()

from flask_script import Manager
app = Flask(__name__)
manager=Manager(app)


@manager.command
def print_str():
    print('hello world')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    manager.run()

@app.route('/set_cookie')  
def set_cookie():  
    response=make_response('Hello World');  
    response.set_cookie('Name','Hyman')  
    return response 

outdate=datetime.datetime.today() + datetime.timedelta(days=30)  
response.set_cookie('Name','Hyman',expires=outdate) 

@app.route('/get_cookie')  
def get_cookie():  
    name=request.cookies.get('Name')  
    return name 

<h1>My name is {{request.cookies.get('Name')}}</h1>
{#html模板中获取cookie#}

@app.route('/del_cookie')
def del_cookie():
    response=make_response('delete cookie')
    response.set_cookie('Name','',expires=0)
    return response

@app.route('/del_cookie2')  
def del_cookie2():  
    response=make_response('delete cookie2')  
    response.delete_cookie('Name')  
    return response  

<p>A value from a dictionary: {{ mydict['key'] }}.</p>
<p>A value from a list: {{ mylist[3] }}.</p>
<p>A value from a list, with a variable index: {{ mylist[myintvar] }}.</p>
<p>A value from an object's method: {{ myobj.somemethod() }}.</p>

{% macro render_comment(comment) %}
    <li>{{ comment }}</li>
{% endmacro %}
<ul>
    {% for comment in comments %}
        {{ render_comment(comment) }}
    {% endfor %}
</ul>

{% import 'macros.html' as macros %}
<ul>
    {% for comment in comments %}
        {{ macros.render_comment(comment) }}
    {% endfor %}
</ul>

common.html
<h1>我是重复的代码片</h1>

{% include 'common.html' %}
{% include 'common.html' %}
{% include 'common.html' %}
{% include 'common.html' %}
<h1>Hello World</h1>

pip install flask-bootstrap

from flask.ext.bootstrap import Bootstrap
bootstrap = Bootstrap(app)

{% extends "bootstrap/base.html" %}
{% block title %}Flasky{% endblock %}

{% extends "bootstrap/base.html" %}

{% block title %}Flasky{% endblock %}

{% block navbar %}
<div class="navbar navbar-inverse" role="navigation">
    <div class="container">
        <div class="navbar-header">
            <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse">
                <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
                <span class="icon-bar"></span>
            </button>
            <a class="navbar-brand" href="/">Flasky</a>
        </div>
        <div class="navbar-collapse collapse">
            <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                <li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
            </ul>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
{% endblock %}

{% block content %}
<div class="container">
    <div class="page-header">
        <h1>Hello, {{ name }}!</h1>
    </div>
</div>
{% endblock %}

@app.errorhandler(404)
def page_not_found(e):
    return render_template('404.html'), 404
@app.errorhandler(500)
def internal_server_error(e):
    return render_template('500.html'), 500

pip install flask-moment

from datetime import datetime
@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template('index.html',current_time=datetime.utcnow())

{% block scripts %}
{{ super() }}
{{ moment.include_moment() }}
{% endblock %}
<p>The local date and time is {{ moment(current_time).format('LLL') }}.</p>
<p>That was {{ moment(current_time).fromNow(refresh=True) }}</p>

{{moment.lang("zh-CN")}}//设置语言
{{moment().format('YYYY-MM-DD,h:mm:ss a')}}//设置时间格式
常用格式化参数
YYYY    2014    年份
YY    14    2个字符表示的年份
Q    1..4    季度
M MM    4..04    月份
MMM MMMM    4月..四月    根据moment.locale()中的设置显示月份
D DD    1..31    一月中的第几天
Do    1日..31日    一月中的第几天
DDD DDDD    1..365    一年中的第几天
X    1410715640.579    时间戳
x    1410715640579    时间戳

pip install flask-wtf

app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = 'hard to guess string'

from flask.ext.wtf import Form
from wtforms import StringField, SubmitField
from wtforms.validators import Required
class NameForm(Form):
    name = StringField('What is your name?', validators=[Required()])
    submit = SubmitField('Submit')

{% import "bootstrap/wtf.html" as wtf %}
{{ wtf.quick_form(form) }}

pip install flask-sqlalchemy

from flask.ext.sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy
basedir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
app = Flask(__name__)
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URI'] =\
'sqlite:///' + os.path.join(basedir, 'data.sqlite')
app.config['SQLALCHEMY_COMMIT_ON_TEARDOWN'] = True
db = SQLAlchemy(app)

class Role(db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'roles'
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(64), unique=True)
    def __repr__(self):
        return '<Role %r>' % self.name

(venv) $ python hello.py shell
>>> from hello import db
>>> db.create_all()

db.drop_all()

>>> from hello import Role, User
>>> admin_role = Role(name='Admin')
>>> mod_role = Role(name='Moderator')
>>> user_role = Role(name='User')
>>> user_john = User(username='john', role=admin_role)
>>> user_susan = User(username='susan', role=user_role)
>>> user_david = User(username='david', role=user_role)

>>> db.session.add(admin_role)
>>> db.session.add(mod_role)
>>> db.session.add(user_role)
>>> db.session.add(user_john)
>>> db.session.add(user_susan)
>>> db.session.add(user_david)

db.session.add_all([admin_role, mod_role, user_role,user_john, user_susan, user_david])

db.session.commit()

>>> admin_role.name = 'Administrator'
>>> db.session.add(admin_role)
>>> db.session.commit()

>>> db.session.delete(mod_role)
>>> db.session.commit()

>>> Role.query.all()
[<Role u'Administrator'>, <Role u'User'>]
>>> User.query.all()
[<User u'john'>, <User u'susan'>, <User u'david'>]

>>> User.query.filter_by(role=user_role).all()
[<User u'susan'>, <User u'david'>]

>>> str(User.query.filter_by(role=user_role))
'SELECT users.id AS users_id, users.username AS users_username,
users.role_id AS users_role_id FROM users WHERE :param_1 = users.role_id'

from flask.ext.script import Shell
def make_shell_context():
    return dict(app=app, db=db, User=User, Role=Role)
manager.add_command("shell", Shell(make_context=make_shell_context))

from flask.ext.migrate import Migrate, MigrateCommand
migrate = Migrate(app, db)#创建一个Migrate对象并关联对应的应用程序类对象app和数据库管理类对象db
manager.add_command('db', MigrateCommand)

python hello.py db init

python flask_blog.py db migrate

python flask_blog.py db upgrade

app.config['SQLALCHEMY_COMMIT_ON_TEARDOWN']=True