首页 > > 程序设计 > C/C++ >

多线程编程学习笔记-基础（二）

2018-06-18 00:43:53来源：未知阅读 ()

接上文多线程编程学习笔记-基础（一）

五、终止线程 (Abort)

1.代码如下

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading; //引入线程 

namespace ThreadConsoleApp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("开始");
            Thread t = new Thread(PrintNumberDely);

            //启动线程
            t.Start();
            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(6));

            //线程终止
            t.Abort();          

            Console.WriteLine("线程终止");
            Console.WriteLine("启动新线程");
            t = new Thread(PrintNumber);
            t.Start();
            PrintNumber();
            Console.Read();          

        } 

        static void PrintNumber()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("第四个多线程程序开始。。。。Second:" + DateTime.Now.Second);
            for (int i = 0; i <10; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0}",i));
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 暂停2秒的方法
        /// </summary>
        static void PrintNumberDely()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("第一个多线程终止程序开始。。。。");
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Second:{0} ==  {1}", DateTime.Now.Second, i));

                Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));            
          
            }
        }
    }
}

2.程序执行结果如下

从结果中，可以看出来，程序先启动了子线程的打印数字方法，在运行了6秒之后，调用了abort方法，终止了子线程。但是这个abort是通过注入ThreadAbortException方法，从而使用线程终止，这种方法非常危险，不建议使用。在子线程终止之后，主线程继续运行。

六、检测线程状态（ThreadState）

1.代码如下

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading; //引入线程

namespace ThreadConsoleApp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("开始");
            Thread t = new Thread(PrintNumberStatus);
            Thread t2 = new Thread(DoNothing);
            //启动线程
            t2.Start();
            t.Start();
            //显示线程状态
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {

                Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(300));
                Console.WriteLine(t.ThreadState.ToString());
            }
            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(4));
            //线程终止
            t.Abort();

            Console.WriteLine("线程终止");
            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("t线程状态：{0}", t.ThreadState.ToString()));
            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("t2线程状态：{0}", t2.ThreadState.ToString()));
            Console.Read();
        }
 

        static void DoNothing()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("第五个多线程程序开始。。。。Second:" + DateTime.Now.Second);
            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 暂停2秒的方法
        /// </summary>
        static void PrintNumberStatus()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("第五个多线程检测状态程序开始。。。。" + Thread.CurrentThread.ThreadState.ToString());
            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("Second:{0} ==  {1}", DateTime.Now.Second, i));
                Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2)); 

            }
        }
    }
}

2.程序执行结果如下

如上图，主线程启动时定义了两个子线程，一个会被终止，另一个会运行至结束。当我们启动了线程之后，t2线程的状态就会变成Running，然后会变成WaitSleepJoin，直到运行结束，变成Stopped。另一个t线程则会打印出数字来，当我们调用了abort方法之后，则t线程的状态就变成了AbortRequested。这充分说明了同步两个线程的复杂性，请不要程序中使用abort来终止线程。

七、线程优先级（Priority）

1.代码如下

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading; //引入线程
using System.Diagnostics; 

namespace ThreadConsoleApp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("开始，当前线程的优先级："+Thread.CurrentThread.Priority);
            Console.WriteLine("线程运行多核CPU上");
            //启动线程
            Run();  
            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));
 

            //单核模拟
            Console.WriteLine("线程运行单核CPU上");     

            Process.GetCurrentProcess().ProcessorAffinity = new IntPtr(1);
            Run();
            Console.Read();

        }

 

        static void Run()
        {
            var demo = new ThreadRunDemo();
            Thread thread1 = new Thread(demo.CountNumber);
            thread1.Name = "ThreadOne";
            Thread thread2 = new Thread(demo.CountNumber);
            thread2.Name = "ThreadTwo";
            thread2.Priority = ThreadPriority.BelowNormal;
            Thread thread3 = new Thread(demo.CountNumber);
            thread3.Name = "ThreadThree";
 

            thread1.Priority = ThreadPriority.Highest;
            thread2.Priority = ThreadPriority.AboveNormal;
            thread3.Priority = ThreadPriority.Lowest; 

            thread1.Start();
            thread2.Start();
            thread3.Start();          

            Thread.Sleep(2000);
            demo.Stop();
        }
    }

    class ThreadRunDemo
    {
        private bool isStopped = false;
        public void Stop()
        {
            isStopped = true;
        }

        public void CountNumber()
        {
            long cnt = 0;
            while(!isStopped)
            {
                cnt++;
            }
            Console.WriteLine(string.Format("线程 {0} 的优先级 {1,11} ，一共计算了 {2,13} 数字",
 Thread.CurrentThread.Name,Thread.CurrentThread.Priority.ToString(), cnt.ToString("N0")));

        }     
    }
}

2.程序执行结果如下

从上图的结果中，看出来当在多核CPU上运行多线程程序时，优先级所起到的作用区别不大，以上图的结果来看，最高优先级与最低优先级之间的差别在10%左右。如果在单核CPU上运行多线程程序时，优先级的作用的特别明显，以上图的结果来看，最高优先级与最低优先级之间的差别在100倍以上。

八、前台线程与后台线程

1.代码如下

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading; //引入线程
using System.Diagnostics; 

namespace ThreadConsoleApp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {

            Console.WriteLine("开始，前台线程与后台线程");           

            var fore = new ThreadBackground(10);
            var back = new ThreadBackground(20);
            Thread threadF = new Thread(fore.CountNumber);
            threadF.Name = "前台线程";
            Thread threadB = new Thread(back.CountNumber);

            threadB.Name = "后台线程";
            threadB.IsBackground = true;
 

            //启动线程
            threadF.Start();
            threadB.Start();
            //Console.Read(); 

        }
    }

    class ThreadBackground
    {
        private  int cnt ;
        public  ThreadBackground(int count)
        {
            cnt = count;
        }

        public void CountNumber()
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
            {
                Thread.Sleep(500);
                Console.WriteLine(string.Format("线程 {0} 打印 {1,11} 数字", Thread.CurrentThread.Name, i.ToString("N0")));
            }
            Console.WriteLine("{0} finished counting.",
                            Thread.CurrentThread.IsBackground ?
                            "Background Thread" : "Foreground Thread");        }
       
    }
}