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C++运算符优先级

2018-06-17 20:39:34来源：未知阅读 ()

在一个表达式中可能包含多个有不同运算符连接起来的、具有不同数据类型的数据对象；由于表达式有多种运算，不同的运算顺序可能得出不同结果甚至出现错误运算错误，因为当表达式中含多种运算时，必须按一定顺序进行结合，才能保证运算的合理性和结果的正确性、唯一性。

优先级从上到下依次递减，最上面具有最高的优先级，逗号操作符具有最低的优先级。表达式的结合次序取决于表达式中各种运算符的优先级。优先级高的运算符先结合，优先级低的运算符后结合，同一行中的运算符的优先级相同。

C++运算符优先级
Operator	Description	Example	Overloadable
Group 1(no associativity)
::	Scope resolution operator	Class::age = 2;	NO
Group 2
()	Function call	isdigit('1')	YES
()	Member initalization	c_tor(int x, int y) : _x(x), _y(y*10){};	YES
[]	Array access	array[4] = 2;	YES
->	Member access from a pointer	ptr->age = 34;	YES
.	Member access from an object	obj.age = 34;	NO
++	Post-increment	for( int i = 0; i < 10; i++ ) cout << i;	YES
--	Post-decrement	for( int i = 10; i > 0; i-- ) cout << i;	YES
const_cast	Special cast	const_cast<type_to>(type_from);	NO
dynamic_cast	Special cast	dynamic_cast<type_to>(type_from);	NO
static_cast	Special cast	static_cast<type_to>(type_from);	NO
reinterpret_cast	Special cast	reinterpret_cast<type_to>(type_from);	NO
typeid	Runtime type information	cout « typeid(var).name(); cout « typeid(type).name();	NO
Group 3(right-to-left associativity)
!	Logical negation	if( !done ) …	YES
not	Alternate spelling for !
~	Bitwise complement	flags = ~flags;	YES
compl	Alternate spelling for ~
++	Pre-increment	for( i = 0; i < 10; ++i ) cout << i;	YES
--	Pre-decrement	for( i = 10; i > 0; --i ) cout << i;	YES
-	Unary minus	int i = -1;	YES
+	Unary plus	int i = +1;	YES
*	Dereference	int data = *intPtr;	YES
&	Address of	int *intPtr = &data;	YES
new	Dynamic memory allocation	long pVar = new long; MyClass ptr = new MyClass(args);	YES
new []	Dynamic memory allocation of array	long *array = new long[n];	YES
delete	Deallocating the memory	delete pVar;	YES
delete []	Deallocating the memory of array	delete [] array;	YES
(type)	Cast to a given type	int i = (int) floatNum;	YES
sizeof	Return size of an object or type	int size = sizeof floatNum; int size = sizeof(float);	NO
Group 4
->*	Member pointer selector	ptr->*var = 24;	YES
.*	Member object selector	obj.*var = 24;	NO
Group 5
*	Multiplication	int i = 2 * 4;	YES
/	Division	float f = 10.0 / 3.0;	YES
%	Modulus	int rem = 4 % 3;	YES
Group 6
+	Addition	int i = 2 + 3;	YES
-	Subtraction	int i = 5 - 1;	YES
Group 7
<<	Bitwise shift left	int flags = 33 << 1;	YES
>>	Bitwise shift right	int flags = 33 >> 1;	YES
Group 8
<	Comparison less-than	if( i < 42 ) …	YES
<=	Comparison less-than-or-equal-to	if( i <= 42 ) ...	YES
>	Comparison greater-than	if( i > 42 ) …	YES
>=	Comparison greater-than-or-equal-to	if( i >= 42 ) ...	YES
Group 9
==	Comparison equal-to	if( i == 42 ) ...	YES
eq	Alternate spelling for ==
!=	Comparison not-equal-to	if( i != 42 ) …	YES
not_eq	Alternate spelling for !=
Group 10
&	Bitwise AND	flags = flags & 42;	YES
bitand	Alternate spelling for &
Group 11
^	Bitwise exclusive OR (XOR)	flags = flags ^ 42;	YES
xor	Alternate spelling for ^
Group 12
\|	Bitwise inclusive (normal) OR	flags = flags \| 42;	YES
bitor	Alternate spelling for \|
Group 13
&&	Logical AND	if( conditionA && conditionB ) …	YES
and	Alternate spelling for &&
Group 14
\|\|	Logical OR	if( conditionA \|\| conditionB ) ...	YES
or	Alternate spelling for \|\|
Group 15(right-to-left associativity)
? :	Ternary conditional (if-then-else)	int i = (a > b) ? a : b;	NO
Group 16(right-to-left associativity)
=	Assignment operator	int a = b;	YES
+=	Increment and assign	a += 3;	YES
-=	Decrement and assign	b -= 4;	YES
*=	Multiply and assign	a *= 5;	YES
/=	Divide and assign	a /= 2;	YES
%=	Modulo and assign	a %= 3;	YES
&=	Bitwise AND and assign	flags &= new_flags;	YES
and_eq	Alternate spelling for &=
^=	Bitwise exclusive or (XOR) and assign	flags ^= new_flags;	YES
xor_eq	Alternate spelling for ^=
\|=	Bitwise normal OR and assign	flags \|= new_flags;	YES
or_eq	Alternate spelling for \|=
<<=	Bitwise shift left and assign	flags <<= 2;	YES
>>=	Bitwise shift right and assign	flags >>= 2;	YES
Group 17
throw	throw exception	throw EClass(“Message”);	NO
Group 18
,	Sequential evaluation operator	for( i = 0, j = 0; i < 10; i++, j++ ) …	YES