07-1.1_Hack1 Get the Most Out of the Default …

Hack 1 Get the Most Out of the Default Shell

Become a speed daemon at the command line.
For better or for worse, you spend a lot of time at the command line. If you're used to administering a Linux system, you may be dismayed to learn that bash is not the default shell on a BSD system, for either the superuser or regular user accounts.
Take heart; the FreeBSD superuser's default tcsh shell is also brimming with shortcuts and little tricks designed to let you breeze through even the most tedious of tasks. Spend a few moments learning these tricks and you'll feel right at home. If you're new to the command line or consider yourself a terrible typist, read on. Unix might be a whole lot easier than you think.
NetBSD and OpenBSD also ship with the C shell as their default shell. However, it is not always the same tcsh, but often its simpler variant, csh, which doesn't support all of the tricks provided in this hack.
However, both NetBSD and OpenBSD provide a tcsh package in their respective package collections.
1.2.1 History and Auto-Completion
I hate to live without three keys: up arrow, down arrow, and Tab. In fact, you can recognize me in a crowd, as I'm the one muttering loudly to myself if I'm on a system that doesn't treat these keys the way I expect to use them.
tcsh uses the up and down arrow keys to scroll through your command history. If there is a golden rule to computing, it should be: "You should never have to type a command more than once." When you need to repeat a command, simply press your up arrow until you find the desired command. Then, press Enter and think of all the keystrokes you just saved yourself. If your fingers fly faster than your eyes can read and you whiz past the right command, simply use the down arrow to go in the other direction.
The Tab key was specifically designed for both the lazy typist and the terrible speller. It can be painful watching some people type out a long command only to have it fail because of a typo. It's even worse if they haven't heard about history, as they think their only choice is to try typing out the whole thing all over again. No wonder some people hate the command line!
Tab activates auto-completion. This means that if you type enough letters of a recognizable command or file, tcsh will fill in the rest of the word for you. However, if you instead hear a beep when you press the Tab key, it means that your shell isn't sure what you want. For example, if I want to run sockstat and type:

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