sql server中利用自定义函数完成单据流水号的设计_数据库技巧

流水号是现在各类系统中单据的必备字段,因为流水号很容易标识一个新的单据.
之前我也做了这么一个系统,流水号的格式为:单据前缀+业务日期+几位顺序编号.
知道了流水号的固定格式,设计流水号就非常方便了.
在SqlServer中,我们可以通过客户端程序来生成新的流水号,也可以利用存储过程来生成.
在实际的项目中,我觉得利用自定义函数来生成非常方便,方便存储过程调用,也方便客户端的调用.
说了一大堆废话,来看代码吧.
1.主调用函数,由于在设计过程中有很多类似单据表,而且每个单据表包含了一个相同的流水号字段,所以为了方便代码调用,提供了对应表的输入参数.
/**//*
获取一条新的单据流水号
-流水号格式为 @PrefixString+-+当前日期+4位顺序编号:CGRK-20070509-0001
*/

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_GetNewFlowNumber
(
@SheetTableName varchar(50)
)
RETURNS varchar(50)  AS 
BEGIN

    –流水号前缀
    declare @PrefixString varchar(50)
    –流水号后缀数字的位数
    declare @PostfixLength int   
    –定义好当日单据所有的流水号数据表
    declare @Table table(SheetNo varchar(50))
    –1.取得单据的最后一条SheetNo
    IF @SheetTableName=null OR @SheetTableName=
        return
    /**//*库存部分*/
    –其他入库
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_StoreInSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=QTRK
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_StoreInSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
    –其他出库
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_StoreOutSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=QTCK
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_StoreOutSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
           
        END
    –转仓
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_StoreTransferSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=CKZC
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_StoreTransferSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
    –盘点
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_StoreCheckSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=CKPD
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_StoreCheckSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
    /**//*采购单据操作部分*/
    –请购单
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_PurchaseRequestSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=QGD
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_PurchaseRequestSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
    –采购订单
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_PurchaseOrderSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=CGDD
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_PurchaseOrderSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL

        END
    –采购询价单
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_PurchaseQuotationSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=CGXJ
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_PurchaseQuotationSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
    –采购入库单
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_PurchaseInSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=CGRK
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_PurchaseInSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
    –采购退货
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_PurchaseReturnSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=CGTH
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_PurchaseReturnSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
    –付款单
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_PurchasePaymentSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=CGFK
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_PurchasePaymentSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
       
    /**//*销售单据操作部分*/
    –销售询价
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_SaleQuotationSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=XSXJ
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_SaleQuotationSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
    –销售订单
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_SaleOrderSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=XSDD
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_SaleOrderSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
    –销售出库
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_SaleOutSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=XSCK
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_SaleOutSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
    –销售退货
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_SaleReturnSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=XSTH
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_SaleReturnSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END
    –销售付款
    ELSE IF  LOWER(@SheetTableName)=LOWER(AT_SalePaymentSheet)
        BEGIN
            SET @PrefixString=XSFK
            SET @PostfixLength=4
            INSERT INTO @Table(SheetNo) SELECT SheetNo FROM AT_SalePaymentSheet WHERE DateDiff(d,CreateTime,dbo.fn_getNowDate())=0 OR CreateTime=NULL
        END

    /**//*不属于任何单据，返回空的单号*/
    ELSE
        RETURN
   
    /**//*
    存在一个当日同前缀的流水号的条件：
    1.流水号总长度相同
    2.相同的流水号前缀
    3.相同的中间日期部分           
    */
    –当日日期部分字符串
    declare @DateString varchar(8)
    SET @DateString=dbo.fn_FormatDate(dbo.fn_GetNowDate())
    –记录中最后一条流水号
    declare @LastSheetNo varchar(50)
    /**//*–定义好相关参数，比较是否有相同的流水号前缀*/
    –存在，获取最后一条流水+1           
    SELECT TOP 1 @LastSheetNo=SheetNO FROM @Table WHERE
         LEN(SheetNO)=len(@PrefixString)+10+@PostfixLength
         AND  LEFT(SheetNO,len(@PrefixString+-))=@PrefixString+-
        AND LEFT(SheetNO,len(@PrefixString+-+@DateString+-))=@PrefixString+-+@DateString+-
        ORDER BY  SheetNo DESC
    –return ssss
    IF @LastSheetNo=NULL
        return @PrefixString+-+@DateString+-+dbo.fn_FillNumberWithZero(1,@PostfixLength)
    ELSE
        return @PrefixString+-+@DateString+-+dbo.fn_FillNumberWithZero(convert(int,right(@LastSheetNo,@PostfixLength))+1,@PostfixLength)
   
    return

END

2.相关函数

/**//*
生成流水号后面几位数字字符的相关函数
不足位数在左边用0填充
*/
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_FillNumberWithZero
(
–填充的数字
@num int,
–总位数
@len int
)
RETURNS varchar(50) AS 
BEGIN
    –如果传入的流水号大于总的长度，那么直接返回流水号字符串格式
    if(len(Convert(varchar(50),@num))>@len)
        return Convert(varchar(50),@num)
    ELSE
        BEGIN
            –需要填充0的位数
            declare @NeedFillLen int
            set @NeedFillLen=@Len-len(Convert(varchar(50),@num))
            –获取需要填充的0的字符串
            declare @i int
            set @i=0
            declare @temp varchar(50)
            set @temp=N
            while @i<@NeedFillLen
                BEGIN
                    SET @temp=@temp+0
                    SET @i=@i+1
                END
            –返回组后的字符串
            return @temp+Convert(varchar(50),@num)
        END
    return
END

/**//*
流水号函数相关函数
返回某个日期的格式化形式如20070509

*/
CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_FormatDate(@Date datetime)
RETURNS char(8) AS 
BEGIN
    declare @year char(4)
    declare @month char(2)
    declare @day char(2)
   
    set @year=convert(char(4),year(@Date))
    set @month=convert(char(4),month(@Date))
    set @day=convert(char(4),day(@Date))
   
    if len(@month)=1
        set @month=N0+@month
    if len(@day)=1
        set @day=N0+@day
    return @year+@month+@day
END

/**//*
获取当天日期
*/

CREATE FUNCTION dbo.fn_GetNowDate()
RETURNS DateTime AS 
BEGIN
    declare @nowDate datetime
    select @nowDate=NowDate FROM v_DateNow
    return @nowDate
END

注意这里由于sqlserver的自定义函数无法直接获取日期(无法调用getdate()函数),所以我们通过视图的方式来获取服务器的时间.视图如下:
/**//*
获取当前系统日期
这个视图主要供自定义函数调用，
切勿删除！！！！！！！
*/

CREATE VIEW dbo.v_DateNow
AS
SELECT GETDATE() AS NowDate

全部函数完毕.如何调用呢?
很简单:
比如需要入库单的新流水号:
select dbo.fn_GetNewFlowNumber(AT_StoreCheckSheet)
是不是非常方便?