sql语句导入导出大全_数据库技巧

正巧这两天要用到这个，上网找到一个，回来自己检测一下：
/******* 导出到excel
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell bcp SettleDB.dbo.shanghu out c:\temp1.xls -c -q -S”GNETDATA/GNETDATA” -U”sa” -P””

/*********** 导入Excel
SELECT *
FROM OpenDataSource( Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0,
Data Source=”c:\test.xls”;User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0)…xactions

/*动态文件名
declare @fn varchar(20),@s varchar(1000)
set @fn = c:\test.xls
set @s =Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0,
Data Source=”+@fn+”;User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0
set @s = SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource (+@s+)…sheet1$
exec(@s)
*/

SELECT cast(cast(科目编号 as numeric(10,2)) as nvarchar(255))+　 转换后的别名
FROM OpenDataSource( Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0,
Data Source=”c:\test.xls”;User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0)…xactions

/********************** EXCEL导到远程SQL
insert OPENDATASOURCE(
SQLOLEDB,
Data Source=远程ip;User ID=sa;Password=密码
).库名.dbo.表名 (列名1,列名2)
SELECT 列名1,列名2
FROM OpenDataSource( Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0,
Data Source=”c:\test.xls”;User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0)…xactions

/** 导入文本文件
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell bcp dbname..tablename in c:\DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword

/** 导出文本文件
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell bcp dbname..tablename out c:\DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword
或
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell bcp “Select * from dbname..tablename” queryout c:\DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword

导出到TXT文本，用逗号分开
exec master..xp_cmdshell bcp “库名..表名” out “d:\tt.txt” -c -t ,-U sa -P password

BULK INSERT 库名..表名
FROM c:\test.txt
WITH (
FIELDTERMINATOR = ;,
ROWTERMINATOR = \n
)

–/* dBase IV文件
select * from
OPENROWSET(MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0
,dBase IV;HDR=NO;IMEX=2;DATABASE=C:\,select * from [客户资料4.dbf])
–*/

–/* dBase III文件
select * from
OPENROWSET(MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0
,dBase III;HDR=NO;IMEX=2;DATABASE=C:\,select * from [客户资料3.dbf])
–*/

–/* FoxPro 数据库
select * from openrowset(MSDASQL,
Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver;SourceType=DBF;SourceDB=c:\,
select * from [aa.DBF])
–*/

/**************导入DBF文件****************/
select * from openrowset(MSDASQL,
Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver;
SourceDB=e:\VFP98\data;
SourceType=DBF,
select * from customer where country != “USA” order by country)
go
/***************** 导出到DBF ***************/
如果要导出数据到已经生成结构(即现存的)FOXPRO表中,可以直接用下面的SQL语句

insert into openrowset(MSDASQL,
Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver;SourceType=DBF;SourceDB=c:\,
select * from [aa.DBF])
select * from 表

说明:
SourceDB=c:\ 指定foxpro表所在的文件夹
aa.DBF 指定foxpro表的文件名.

/*************导出到Access********************/
insert into openrowset(Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0,
x:\A.mdb;admin;,A表) select * from 数据库名..B表

/*************导入Access********************/
insert into B表 selet * from openrowset(Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0,
x:\A.mdb;admin;,A表)

文件名为参数
declare @fname varchar(20)
set @fname = d:\test.mdb
exec(SELECT a.* FROM opendatasource(Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0,
+@fname+;admin;, topics) as a )

SELECT *
FROM OpenDataSource( Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0,
Data Source=”f:\northwind.mdb”;Jet OLEDB:Database Password=123;User ID=Admin;Password=;)…产品

********************* 导入 xml　文件

DECLARE @idoc int
DECLARE @doc varchar(1000)
–sample XML document
SET @doc =

Customer was very satisfied

Important
Happy Customer.

— Create an internal representation of the XML document.
EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @idoc OUTPUT, @doc

— Execute a SELECT statement using OPENXML rowset provider.
SELECT *
FROM OPENXML (@idoc, /root/Customer/Order, 1)
WITH (oid char(5),
amount float,
comment ntext text())
EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @idoc

???????

/**********************Excel导到Txt****************************************/
想用
select * into opendatasource(…) from opendatasource(…)
实现将一个Excel文件内容导入到一个文本文件

假设Excel中有两列，第一列为姓名，第二列为很行帐号(16位)
且银行帐号导出到文本文件后分两部分，前8位和后8位分开。

邹健：
如果要用你上面的语句插入的话,文本文件必须存在,而且有一行:姓名,银行账号1,银行账号2
然后就可以用下面的语句进行插入
注意文件名和目录根据你的实际情况进行修改.

insert into
opendatasource(MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0
,Text;HDR=Yes;DATABASE=C:\
)…[aa#txt]
–,aa#txt)
–*/
select 姓名,银行账号1=left(银行账号,8),银行账号2=right(银行账号,8)
from
opendatasource(MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0
,Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=2;DATABASE=c:\a.xls
–,Sheet1$)
)…[Sheet1$]

如果你想直接插入并生成文本文件,就要用bcp

declare @sql varchar(8000),@tbname varchar(50)

–首先将excel表内容导入到一个全局临时表
select @tbname=[##temp+cast(newid() as varchar(40))+]
,@sql=select 姓名,银行账号1=left(银行账号,8),银行账号2=right(银行账号,8)
into +@tbname+ from
opendatasource(MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0
,Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=2;DATABASE=c:\a.xls
)…[Sheet1$]
exec(@sql)

–然后用bcp从全局临时表导出到文本文件
set @sql=bcp “+@tbname+” out “c:\aa.txt” /S”(local)” /P”” /c
exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql

–删除临时表
exec(drop table +@tbname)

/********************导整个数据库*********************************************/

用bcp实现的存储过程

/*
实现数据导入/导出的存储过程
根据不同的参数,可以实现导入/导出整个数据库/单个表
调用示例:
–导出调用示例
—-导出单个表
exec file2table zj,,,xzkh_sa..地区资料,c:\zj.txt,1
—-导出整个数据库
exec file2table zj,,,xzkh_sa,C:\docman,1

–导入调用示例
—-导入单个表
exec file2table zj,,,xzkh_sa..地区资料,c:\zj.txt,0
—-导入整个数据库
exec file2table zj,,,xzkh_sa,C:\docman,0

*/
if exists(select 1 from sysobjects where name=File2Table and objectproperty(id,IsProcedure)=1)
drop procedure File2Table
go
create procedure File2Table
@servername varchar(200) –服务器名
,@username varchar(200) –用户名,如果用NT验证方式,则为空
,@password varchar(200) –密码
,@tbname varchar(500) –数据库.dbo.表名,如果不指定:.dbo.表名,则导出数据库的所有用户表
,@filename varchar(1000) –导入/导出路径/文件名,如果@tbname参数指明是导出整个数据库,则这个参数是文件存放路径,文件名自动用表名.txt
,@isout bit –1为导出,0为导入
as
declare @sql varchar(8000)

if @tbname like %.%.% –如果指定了表名,则直接导出单个表
begin
set @sql=bcp +@tbname
+case when @isout=1 then out else in end
+ “+@filename+” /w
+ /S +@servername
+case when isnull(@username,)= then else /U +@username end
+ /P +isnull(@password,)
exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql
end
else
begin –导出整个数据库,定义游标,取出所有的用户表
declare @m_tbname varchar(250)
if right(@filename,1)<>\ set @filename=@filename+\

set @m_tbname=declare #tb cursor for select name from +@tbname+..sysobjects where xtype=U
exec(@m_tbname)
open #tb
fetch next from #tb into @m_tbname
while @@fetch_status=0
begin
set @sql=bcp +@tbname+..+@m_tbname
+case when @isout=1 then out else in end
+ “+@filename+@m_tbname+.txt ” /w
+ /S +@servername
+case when isnull(@username,)= then else /U +@username end
+ /P +isnull(@password,)
exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql
fetch next from #tb into @m_tbname
end
close #tb
deallocate #tb
end
go

/************* Oracle **************/
EXEC sp_addlinkedserver OracleSvr,
Oracle 7.3,
MSDAORA,
ORCLDB
GO

delete from openquery(mailser,select * from yulin)

select * from openquery(mailser,select * from yulin)

update openquery(mailser,select * from yulin where id=15)set disorder=555,catago=888

insert into openquery(mailser,select disorder,catago from yulin)values(333,777)

补充：
对于用bcp导出,是没有字段名的.
用openrowset导出,需要事先建好表.
用openrowset导入,除ACCESS及EXCEL外,均不支持非本机数据导入