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基于xml文件的IOC配置

2020-04-11 16:03:52来源：博客园 阅读 ()

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基于xml文件的IOC配置

基于xml文件的IOC配置

  • 简述

    • IOC的作用是降低程序间的耦合（依赖关系）而依赖关系的维护是由spring来维护的；我们在当前类使用到其他类的对象，这时spring提供这种关系的管理，我们只需要在配置文件中加以声明即可。我们称依赖关系的维护是依赖注入。

  • 注入的数据

    • 基本数据类型和String类型

    • 其他bean类型

    • 复杂类型/集合类型

  • 注入方式

    • 使用构造函数提供

      • 使用constructor-arg标签，隶属于bean标签

      • 此标签属性的声明

        • type:用于要指定的数据的数据类型，这数据类型也是构造函数中某个或者某些参数的类型

        • index:用于要指定注入的参数在构造函数中指定参数的位置，从0开始

        • name:用于要制定的构造函数的参数名称 （强烈建议使用）

        • value:用于指定基本数据类型和String类型的数据

        • ref:用于指定基本数据类型和String类型的数据

          package com.mypro.service.impl;
?
import com.mypro.dao.UserDao;
import com.mypro.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl;
import com.mypro.service.UserService;
?
import java.util.Date;
?
/**
 * 用户的业务实现类
 */
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
?
    // 经常变化的数据并不适用数据依赖注入
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Date birth;
?
    public UserServiceImpl(String name, Integer age, Date birth) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.birth = birth;
    }
?
    private UserDao userDao = new UserDaoImpl();
?
    @Override
    public void saveUser() {
        userDao.saveUser();
    }
}
?

           

          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <bean id="now" class="java.util.Date"></bean>
    <bean id="userService" class="com.mypro.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
        <constructor-arg name="name" value="xiansen"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="age" value="20"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="birth" value="now"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.mypro.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
    </bean>
?
?
</beans>

           

    • 使用set方法提供

      • 使用property标签，隶属于bean标签

      • 此标签属性的声明

        • name:用于要制定的构造函数的参数名称 （强烈建议使用）

        • value:用于指定基本数据类型和String类型的数据

        • ref:用于指定基本数据类型和String类型的数据

          package com.mypro.dao.impl;
?
import com.mypro.dao.UserDao;
?
import java.util.*;
?
/**
 * 用户的持久层实现类
 */
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
    // 经常变化的数据并不适用依赖注入
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Date birth;
    // 复杂类型的数据的注入
    private String[] myStrs;
    private List<String> myLists;
    private Set<String> mySets;
    private Map<String, String> myMaps;
    private Properties myProps;
?
    public void setMyStrs(String[] myStrs) {
        this.myStrs = myStrs;
    }
?
    public void setMyLists(List<String> myLists) {
        this.myLists = myLists;
    }
?
    public void setMySets(Set<String> mySets) {
        this.mySets = mySets;
    }
?
    public void setMyMaps(Map<String, String> myMaps) {
        this.myMaps = myMaps;
    }
?
    public void setMyProps(Properties myProps) {
        this.myProps = myProps;
    }
?
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
?
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
?
    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }
?
    @Override
    public void saveUser() {
        System.out.println("用户保存成功！");
    }
}
           
          <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    
    <bean id="now" class="java.util.Date"></bean>
    <bean id="userService" class="com.mypro.service.impl.UserServiceImpl">
        <constructor-arg name="name" value="xiansen"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="age" value="20"></constructor-arg>
        <constructor-arg name="birth" value="now"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    <!-- 复杂类型注入
        用于List集合注入的标签
            list、array、set
        用于map集合注入的标签
            map、props
        结构相同的标签可以互换
     -->
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.mypro.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="name" value="xiaohu"></property>
        <property name="age" value="18"></property>
        <property name="birth" ref="now"></property>
        <property name="myStrs">
            <array>
                <value>AA</value>
                <value>BB</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <property name="myLists">
            <list>
                <value>AA</value>
                <value>BB</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <property name="mySets">
            <set>
                <value>AA</value>
                <value>BB</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <property name="myMaps">
            <map>
                <entry key="aa" value="AA"></entry>
                <entry key="bb">
                    <value>BB</value>
                </entry>
            </map>
        </property>
        <property name="myProps">
            <props>
                <prop key="aa">AA</prop>
                <prop key="bb">BB</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
?
?
</beans>

           

基于xml文件完成IOC配置（案例）

  • 使用dbutils包完成简单业务，导入必要的包

    <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-dbutils</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbutils</artifactId>
      <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>5.1.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
      <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
      <version>0.9.1.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

     

  • 实体类Words

    package com.mypro.entity;
?
import java.util.Date;
?
public class Words {
    private Integer id;
    private String word;
    private String translation;
    private String introduction;
    private Integer star;
    private Date add_time;
    private Integer group_id;
?
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Words{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", word='" + word + '\'' +
                ", translation='" + translation + '\'' +
                ", introduction='" + introduction + '\'' +
                ", star=" + star +
                ", add_time=" + add_time +
                ", group_id=" + group_id +
                '}';
    }
?
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
?
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
?
    public String getWord() {
        return word;
    }
?
    public void setWord(String word) {
        this.word = word;
    }
?
    public String getTranslation() {
        return translation;
    }
?
    public void setTranslation(String translation) {
        this.translation = translation;
    }
?
    public String getIntroduction() {
        return introduction;
    }
?
    public void setIntroduction(String introduction) {
        this.introduction = introduction;
    }
?
    public Integer getStar() {
        return star;
    }
?
    public void setStar(Integer star) {
        this.star = star;
    }
?
    public Date getAdd_time() {
        return add_time;
    }
?
    public void setAdd_time(Date add_time) {
        this.add_time = add_time;
    }
?
    public Integer getGroup_id() {
        return group_id;
    }
?
    public void setGroup_id(Integer group_id) {
        this.group_id = group_id;
    }
}
    View Code

  • 业务层接口WordsService和实现类WordsServiceImpl （接口类省略）

    package com.mypro.entity;
?
import java.util.Date;
?
public class Words {
    private Integer id;
    private String word;
    private String translation;
    private String introduction;
    private Integer star;
    private Date add_time;
    private Integer group_id;
?
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Words{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", word='" + word + '\'' +
                ", translation='" + translation + '\'' +
                ", introduction='" + introduction + '\'' +
                ", star=" + star +
                ", add_time=" + add_time +
                ", group_id=" + group_id +
                '}';
    }
?
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
?
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
?
    public String getWord() {
        return word;
    }
?
    public void setWord(String word) {
        this.word = word;
    }
?
    public String getTranslation() {
        return translation;
    }
?
    public void setTranslation(String translation) {
        this.translation = translation;
    }
?
    public String getIntroduction() {
        return introduction;
    }
?
    public void setIntroduction(String introduction) {
        this.introduction = introduction;
    }
?
    public Integer getStar() {
        return star;
    }
?
    public void setStar(Integer star) {
        this.star = star;
    }
?
    public Date getAdd_time() {
        return add_time;
    }
?
    public void setAdd_time(Date add_time) {
        this.add_time = add_time;
    }
?
    public Integer getGroup_id() {
        return group_id;
    }
?
    public void setGroup_id(Integer group_id) {
        this.group_id = group_id;
    }
}

  • 持久层接口WordsDao和实现类WordsDaoImpl（接口类省略）简单使用dbutils包

    package com.mypro.dao.impl;
?
import com.mypro.dao.WordsDao;
import com.mypro.entity.Words;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanHandler;
import org.apache.commons.dbutils.handlers.BeanListHandler;
?
import java.util.List;
?
public class WordsDaoImpl implements WordsDao {
    
    //为注入bean对象添加一个setter方法
    private QueryRunner runner;
?
    public void setRunner(QueryRunner runner) {
        this.runner = runner;
    }
?
    @Override
    public List<Words> findAll() {
        try{
            return runner.query("select * from words", new BeanListHandler<Words>(Words.class));
        }catch(Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
?
    @Override
    public Words findWordsById(Integer id) {
        try{
            return runner.query("select * from words where id=?", new BeanHandler<Words>(Words.class), id);
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
?
    @Override
    public void insertWords(Words words) {
        try{
            runner.update("insert into words(word, translation, introduction, add_time, star, group_id)" +
                    "values(?,?,?,?,?,?)", words.getWord(), words.getTranslation(), words.getIntroduction(),
                    words.getAdd_time(), words.getStar(), words.getGroup_id());
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
?
    @Override
    public void updateWords(Words words) {
        try{
            runner.update("update words set word=?, translation=?, introduction=?, add_time=?, star=?, group_id=? " +
                    "where id=?", words.getWord(), words.getTranslation(), words.getIntroduction(), words.getAdd_time(),
                    words.getStar(), words.getGroup_id(), words.getId());
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
?
    @Override
    public void deleteWords(Integer id) {
        try{
            runner.update("delete from words where id=?", id);
        }catch (Exception e){
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}
    View Code

  • Bean对象容器myWordBean.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <!-- 配置WordsService对象 -->
    <bean id="wordsService" class="com.mypro.service.impl.WordsServiceImpl">
        <!-- 注入wordsDao -->
        <property name="wordsDao" ref="wordsDao"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置WordsDao对象 -->
    <bean id="wordsDao" class="com.mypro.dao.impl.WordsDaoImpl">
        <!-- 注入runner -->
        <property name="runner" ref="runner"></property>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置QueryRunner对象 -->
    <bean id="runner" class="org.apache.commons.dbutils.QueryRunner" scope="prototype">
        <!-- 注入数据源 -->
        <constructor-arg name="ds" ref="dataSource"></constructor-arg>
    </bean>
    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 连接数据库 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/myword"></property>
        <property name="user" value="username"></property>
        <property name="password" value="password"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

     

  • 测试类WordsServiceTest

    package com.mypro.test;
?
import com.mypro.entity.Words;
import com.mypro.service.WordsService;
import com.mypro.service.impl.WordsServiceImpl;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
?
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
?
public class WordsServiceTest {
    private WordsService wordsService;
    @Before
    public void testInit(){
        ApplicationContext ac = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("myWordBean.xml");
        wordsService = ac.getBean("wordsService", WordsService.class);
    }
?
    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        List<Words> all = wordsService.findAll();
        for (Words words : all) {
            System.out.println(words);
        }
    }
?
    @Test
    public void testFindOne(){
        Integer id = 10;
        Words words = wordsService.findWordsById(id);
        System.out.println(words);
    }
?
    @Test
    public void testInsert(){
        Date now = new Date();
        Words words = new Words();
        words.setWord("Java");
        words.setTranslation("爪哇");
        words.setIntroduction("一门编程语言");
        words.setAdd_time(now);
        words.setStar(2);
        words.setGroup_id(1);
        wordsService.insertWords(words);
        System.out.println("success insert!");
    }
?
    @Test
    public void testUpdate(){
        Date now = new Date();
        Words words = new Words();
        words.setId(9);
        words.setWord("java web");
        words.setTranslation("爪哇应用");
        words.setIntroduction("一门编程语言");
        words.setAdd_time(now);
        words.setStar(2);
        words.setGroup_id(1);
        wordsService.updateWords(words);
        System.out.println("success update!");
    }
?
    @Test
    public void testDelete(){
        Integer id = 11;
        wordsService.deleteWords(id);
        System.out.println("success delete!");
    }
}
?

     


原文链接:https://www.cnblogs.com/aitiknowledge/p/12678271.html
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