SpringBoot整合Elasticsearch详细步骤以及代码示…

2019-09-23 09:04:33来源：博客园阅读 ()

SpringBoot整合Elasticsearch详细步骤以及代码示例（附源码）

准备工作

环境准备

JAVA版本

java version "1.8.0_121"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_121-b13)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.121-b13, mixed mode)

ES版本

{
  "name": "pYaFJhZ",
  "cluster_name": "my-cluster",
  "cluster_uuid": "oC28y-cNQduGItC7qq5W8w",
  "version": {
    "number": "6.8.2",
    "build_flavor": "oss",
    "build_type": "tar",
    "build_hash": "b506955",
    "build_date": "2019-07-24T15:24:41.545295Z",
    "build_snapshot": false,
    "lucene_version": "7.7.0",
    "minimum_wire_compatibility_version": "5.6.0",
    "minimum_index_compatibility_version": "5.0.0"
  },
  "tagline": "You Know, for Search"
}

SpringBoot版本

2.1.7.RELEASE

开发工具使用的是IDEA

安装ES

Elasticsearch介绍以及安装：ElasticSearch入门-基本概念介绍以及安装

开始

创建SpringBoot项目

打开IDEA，在菜单中点击
File > New > Project...
在弹框中选择Spring Initializr

然后Next
填写项目名等，然后Next，
选择依赖的jar包（一般我只选Lombok，其他的自己手动加），然后Next。
最后选择项目所在路径，点击Finish。

搞定收工。至此，一个新的SpringBoot项目就新鲜出炉了。

POM文件

当然，具体依赖的jar包肯定不止第2步选择的那些，其中SpringBoot提供的操作ES的jar包spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch当然也是必不可少的。

这里贴出最终的pom文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.7.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.lifengdi</groupId>
    <artifactId>search</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>search</name>
    <description>elasticsearch</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <testng.version>6.14.2</testng.version>
        <spring-cloud-dependencies.version>Greenwich.RELEASE</spring-cloud-dependencies.version>
        <kibana-logging-spring-boot-starter.version>1.2.4</kibana-logging-spring-boot-starter.version>
        <fastjson.version>1.2.47</fastjson.version>
        <alarm-spring-boot-starter.version>1.0.15-SNAPSHOT</alarm-spring-boot-starter.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-dependencies.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--elasticsearch-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processor</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>${testng.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 日期处理 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>joda-time</groupId>
            <artifactId>joda-time</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--FastJson-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>${fastjson.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--feign-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yml文件

application.yml文件配置如下：

server:
  port: 8080
  servlet:
    context-path: /search
spring:
  application:
    name: search
  data:
    elasticsearch:
      cluster-name: my-cluster
      cluster-nodes: localhost:9300
  jackson:
    default-property-inclusion: non_null

logging:
  file: application.log
  path: .
  level:
    root: info
    com.lifengdi.store.client: DEBUG

index-entity:
  configs:
    - docCode: store
      indexName: store
      type: base
      documentPath: com.lifengdi.document.StoreDocument

spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-name：集群名称

spring.data.elasticsearch.cluster-nodes：集群节点地址列表，多个节点用英文逗号（,）分隔

创建ES文档和映射

首先创建一个JAVA对象，然后通过注解来声明字段的映射属性。
spring提供的注解有@Document、@Id、@Field，其中@Document作用在类，@Id、@Field作用在成员变量，@Id标记一个字段作为id主键。

package com.lifengdi.document;

import com.lifengdi.document.store.*;
import com.lifengdi.search.annotation.DefinitionQuery;
import com.lifengdi.search.enums.QueryTypeEnum;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.data.annotation.Id;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Document;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.Field;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.annotations.FieldType;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * 门店Document
 *
 * @author 李锋镝
 * @date Create at 19:31 2019/8/22
 */
@Document(indexName = "store", type = "base")
@Data
@DefinitionQuery(key = "page", type = QueryTypeEnum.IGNORE)
@DefinitionQuery(key = "size", type = QueryTypeEnum.IGNORE)
@DefinitionQuery(key = "q", type = QueryTypeEnum.FULLTEXT)
public class StoreDocument {

    @Id
    @DefinitionQuery(type = QueryTypeEnum.IN)
    @DefinitionQuery(key = "id", type = QueryTypeEnum.IN)
    @Field(type = FieldType.Keyword)
    private String id;

    /**
     * 基础信息
     */
    @Field(type = FieldType.Object)
    private StoreBaseInfo baseInfo;

    /**
     * 标签
     */
    @Field(type = FieldType.Nested)
    @DefinitionQuery(key = "tagCode", mapped = "tags.key", type = QueryTypeEnum.IN)
    @DefinitionQuery(key = "tagValue", mapped = "tags.value", type = QueryTypeEnum.AND)
    @DefinitionQuery(key = "_tagValue", mapped = "tags.value", type = QueryTypeEnum.IN)
    private List<StoreTags> tags;

}

创建索引

ElasticsearchTemplate提供了四个createIndex()方法来创建索引，可以根据类的信息自动生成，也可以手动指定indexName和Settings

@Override
public <T> boolean createIndex(Class<T> clazz) {
    return createIndexIfNotCreated(clazz);
}

@Override
public boolean createIndex(String indexName) {
    Assert.notNull(indexName, "No index defined for Query");
    return client.admin().indices().create(Requests.createIndexRequest(indexName)).actionGet().isAcknowledged();
}
@Override
public boolean createIndex(String indexName, Object settings) {
    CreateIndexRequestBuilder createIndexRequestBuilder = client.admin().indices().prepareCreate(indexName);
    if (settings instanceof String) {
        createIndexRequestBuilder.setSettings(String.valueOf(settings), Requests.INDEX_CONTENT_TYPE);
    } else if (settings instanceof Map) {
        createIndexRequestBuilder.setSettings((Map) settings);
    } else if (settings instanceof XContentBuilder) {
        createIndexRequestBuilder.setSettings((XContentBuilder) settings);
    }
    return createIndexRequestBuilder.execute().actionGet().isAcknowledged();
}

@Override
public <T> boolean createIndex(Class<T> clazz, Object settings) {
    return createIndex(getPersistentEntityFor(clazz).getIndexName(), settings);
}

创建映射

ElasticsearchTemplate提供了三个putMapping()方法来创建映射

@Override
public <T> boolean putMapping(Class<T> clazz) {
    if (clazz.isAnnotationPresent(Mapping.class)) {
        String mappingPath = clazz.getAnnotation(Mapping.class).mappingPath();
        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(mappingPath)) {
            String mappings = readFileFromClasspath(mappingPath);
            if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(mappings)) {
                return putMapping(clazz, mappings);
            }
        } else {
            LOGGER.info("mappingPath in @Mapping has to be defined. Building mappings using @Field");
        }
    }
    ElasticsearchPersistentEntity<T> persistentEntity = getPersistentEntityFor(clazz);
    XContentBuilder xContentBuilder = null;
    try {

        ElasticsearchPersistentProperty property = persistentEntity.getRequiredIdProperty();

        xContentBuilder = buildMapping(clazz, persistentEntity.getIndexType(),
                property.getFieldName(), persistentEntity.getParentType());
    } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new ElasticsearchException("Failed to build mapping for " + clazz.getSimpleName(), e);
    }
    return putMapping(clazz, xContentBuilder);
}

@Override
public <T> boolean putMapping(Class<T> clazz, Object mapping) {
    return putMapping(getPersistentEntityFor(clazz).getIndexName(), getPersistentEntityFor(clazz).getIndexType(),
            mapping);
}

@Override
public boolean putMapping(String indexName, String type, Object mapping) {
    Assert.notNull(indexName, "No index defined for putMapping()");
    Assert.notNull(type, "No type defined for putMapping()");
    PutMappingRequestBuilder requestBuilder = client.admin().indices().preparePutMapping(indexName).setType(type);
    if (mapping instanceof String) {
        requestBuilder.setSource(String.valueOf(mapping), XContentType.JSON);
    } else if (mapping instanceof Map) {
        requestBuilder.setSource((Map) mapping);
    } else if (mapping instanceof XContentBuilder) {
        requestBuilder.setSource((XContentBuilder) mapping);
    }
    return requestBuilder.execute().actionGet().isAcknowledged();
}

测试代码如下

@Test
public void testCreate() {
    System.out.println(elasticsearchTemplate.createIndex(StoreDocument.class));
    System.out.println(elasticsearchTemplate.putMapping(StoreDocument.class));
}

删除索引

ElasticsearchTemplate提供了2个deleteIndex()方法来删除索引

@Override
public <T> boolean deleteIndex(Class<T> clazz) {
    return deleteIndex(getPersistentEntityFor(clazz).getIndexName());
}

@Override
public boolean deleteIndex(String indexName) {
    Assert.notNull(indexName, "No index defined for delete operation");
    if (indexExists(indexName)) {
        return client.admin().indices().delete(new DeleteIndexRequest(indexName)).actionGet().isAcknowledged();
    }
    return false;
}

新增&修改文档

在Elasticsearch中文档是不可改变的，不能修改它们。相反，如果想要更新现有的文档，需要重建索引或者进行替换。

所以可以使用和新增同样的接口来对文档进行修改操作。区分的依据就是id。

下面提供新增&修改文档的其中两种方法，一种是通过ElasticsearchTemplate提供的index()方法：

@Override
public String index(IndexQuery query) {
    String documentId = prepareIndex(query).execute().actionGet().getId();
    // We should call this because we are not going through a mapper.
    if (query.getObject() != null) {
        setPersistentEntityId(query.getObject(), documentId);
    }
    return documentId;
}

示例代码如下：

/**
 * 更新索引
 * @param indexName 索引名称
 * @param type 索引类型
 * @param id ID
 * @param jsonDoc JSON格式的文档
 * @param refresh 是否刷新索引
 * @return ID
 */
public String index(String indexName, String type, String id, JsonNode jsonDoc, boolean refresh)
            throws JsonProcessingException {

        log.info("AbstractDocumentIndexService更新索引.indexName:{},type:{},id:{},jsonDoc:{}", indexName, type, id, jsonDoc);
        IndexQuery indexQuery = new IndexQueryBuilder()
                .withIndexName(indexName)
                .withType(type)
                .withId(id)
                .withSource(objectMapper.writeValueAsString(jsonDoc))
                .build();
        try {
            if (elasticsearchTemplate.indexExists(indexName)) {
                String index = elasticsearchTemplate.index(indexQuery);
                if (refresh) {
                    elasticsearchTemplate.refresh(indexName);
                }
                return index;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("更新索引失败,刷新ES重试", e);
            elasticsearchTemplate.refresh(indexName);
            return elasticsearchTemplate.index(indexQuery);
        }
        throw BaseException.INDEX_NOT_EXISTS_EXCEPTION.build();
    }

另一种则是通过Repository接口。Spring提供的ES的Repository接口为ElasticsearchCrudRepository，所以我们就可以直接定义额新的接口，然后实现ElasticsearchCrudRepository即可：

package com.taoche.docindex.repo;

import com.taoche.document.StoreDocument;
import org.springframework.data.elasticsearch.repository.ElasticsearchRepository;

/**
 * 门店Repository
 * @author 李锋镝
 * @date Create at 09:30 2019/8/23
 */
public interface StoreRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<StoreDocument, String> { }

示例代码如下：

@Test
public void testSave() {

    StoreDocument storeDocument = new StoreDocument();
    storeDocument.setId("1");
    StoreBaseInfo baseInfo = new StoreBaseInfo();
    baseInfo.setStoreId("1");
    baseInfo.setCreatedTime(DateTime.now());
    storeDocument.setBaseInfo(baseInfo);

    storeRepository.save(storeDocument);
}

查询

ES的主要功能就是查询，ElasticsearchRepository也提供了基本的查询接口，比如findById()、findAll()、findAllById()、search()等方法；当然也可以使用Spring Data提供的另外一个功能：Spring Data JPA——通过方法名创建查询，当然需要遵循一定的规则，比如你的方法名叫做findByTitle()，那么它就知道你是根据title查询，然后自动帮你完成，这里就不仔细说了。

上边说的基本能满足一般的查询，复杂一点的查询就无能为力了，这就需要用到自定义查询，这里可以查看我的另一篇博客SpringBoot使用注解的方式构建Elasticsearch查询语句，实现多条件的复杂查询，这里边有详细的说明。

另外还有一个比较厉害的功能，Elasticsearch的聚合；聚合主要实现的是对数据的统计、分析。这个暂时没有用到的，所以要看聚合功能的小伙伴们可能要失望了~ 哈哈哈~~~

聚合功能以后有时间会再单独说的~都会有的。

至此，SpringBoot整合Elasticsearch基本结束，有什么不明白的地方请留言~