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SSM(SpringMVC+Spring+MyBatis)三大框架使用Mave…

2019-09-04 07:24:45来源：博客园阅读 ()

SSM(SpringMVC+Spring+MyBatis)三大框架使用Maven快速搭建整合（实现数据库数据到页面进行展示）

本文介绍使用SpringMVC+Spring+MyBatis三大框架使用Maven快速搭建一个demo，实现数据从数据库中查询返回到页面进行展示的过程。

技术选型：SpringMVC+Spring+MyBatis+MySql+Maven+JSP+IDEA+Tomcat7+JDK1.8+Navicat for MySql

下面开始搭建项目：

一、数据库环境搭建

1、首先使用Navicat for MySql连接MySql数据库，创建一个新的数据库或者使用某一个已经存在的数据库，我这里新创建了一个test数据库，并新建一张user表，建表SQL和插入测试数据的SQL如下：

<!--SQL建表语句-->
CREATE TABLE `user` (
    `id` INT (50) NOT NULL,
    `name` VARCHAR (100) NOT NULL,
    `age` INT (50) NOT NULL,
    `address` VARCHAR (200) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);
<!--插入数据-->
INSERT INTO USER (id,name,age,address)VALUES(1,'小谢',18,'上海市');
INSERT INTO USER (id,name,age,address)VALUES(2,'小尚',18,'上海市');
INSERT INTO USER (id,name,age,address)VALUES(3,'小楠',18,'天津市');
INSERT INTO USER (id,name,age,address)VALUES(4,'小勋',18,'郑州市');
INSERT INTO USER (id,name,age,address)VALUES(5,'小乔',18,'郑州市');
INSERT INTO USER (id,name,age,address)VALUES(6,'小威',18,'郑州市');
INSERT INTO USER (id,name,age,address)VALUES(7,'小欢',18,'武汉市');

二、创建一个Maven项目并补全项目目录和相关包名

1、打开IDEA，新建一个项目；

2、新建一个为ssmDemo的Maven项目，使用idea创建骨架，选择webapp进行创建：

3、项目GroupId和ArtifactId自己定义即可：

4、配置本地Maven路径：

5、配置项目名称和项目路径，点击Finish按钮即可创建项目，等待项目初始化完成：

6、项目初始化完成后，项目目录结构如下：

7、补充项目路径完整，在main文件夹下面创建java和resources文件夹，并作为项目资源文件夹；在src目录下新建test文件夹，并在test文件夹下面创建java和resources文件夹，并作为项目资源文件夹，test文件夹留做单元测试时使用：

8、在src/java目录下面创建controller、dao、domain、service、service.impl包；

三、SSM配置文件整合

1、pom.xml文件中的相关jar包的坐标，在pom.xml中添加完jar包坐标后Maven会自动下载相关的jar包，SSM整合所需要的jar包说明在注释中已经注明；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
 
    <groupId>com.xyfer</groupId>
    <artifactId>ssmTest</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
 
    <!-- 统一管理jar包版本 -->
    <properties>
        <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version>
        <shiro.version>1.2.3</shiro.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
        <mybatis.version>3.4.5</mybatis.version>
        <spring.security.version>5.0.1.RELEASE</spring.security.version>
    </properties>
 
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Mybatis 和 mybatis 与 spring 的整合 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>1.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- MySql 驱动 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.32</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- springMVC 核心-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- spring 相关 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.8</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit测试-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--servlet-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--jstl-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>jstl</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- log -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
            <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--alibaba连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.9</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
</project>

如果项目名下面有红色波浪线，则是缺少相应的jar包，使用Maven更新jar即可解决：

2、在src/resources文件夹下面添加springmvc.xml和applicationContext.xml文件

3、在web.xml文件配置DispatcherServlet和spring监听器，加载springmvc.xml和applicationContext.xml文件；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID"
         version="2.5">
  <!-- 前端控制器 加载springmvc容器 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <!-- 监听器 加载 spring 容器 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath*:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
</web-app>

4、在springmvc.xml中配置controller包扫描和视图解析器；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">
    <!--配置controller注解扫描-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xyfer.controller"></context:component-scan>
    <!-- 配置视图解析器的前缀和后缀 -->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

5、在applicationContext.xml配置数据库连接信息，dao和service包扫描；

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
 
    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <!-- 驱动 -->
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
        <!-- url -->
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
        <!-- 用户名 -->
        <property name="username" value="root" />
        <!-- 密码 -->
        <property name="password" value="root" />
    </bean>
    <!-- mapper 配置 -->
    <!-- 让 spring 管理 sqlsessionfactory 使用mybatis和spring整合包中的 -->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory"
          class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <!--pojo位置-->
        <property name="typeAliasesPackage" value="com.xyfer.domain"></property>
        <!--mapper文件位置-->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com.xyfer.dao/*Mapper.xml"/>
    </bean>
    <!-- mapper 扫描器 ：用来产生代理对象-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.xyfer.dao"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--配置注解扫描dao代替上面包名的配置-->
    <!--<context:component-scan base-package="com.xyfer.dao"/>-->
    <!--配置注解扫描service-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.xyfer.service"/>
 
</beans>

6、日志文件log4j.properties放在src/resources文件夹下面；

### direct log messages to stdout ###
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5
p %c{1}:%L - %m%n
### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to
'debug' ###
#在开发阶段日志级别使用 debug
log4j.rootLogger=debug, stdout
### 在日志中输出 sql 的输入参数 ###
log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=TRACE

至此，SSM(SpringMVC+Spring+MyBatis)三大框架整合搭建，配置文件已经整合完成。

下面开始创建java类和接口，以实现数据库数据到前端jsp页面的展示：

四、实体类和controller、service、dao接口的创建；

1、根据数据库中user表字段和实体类的映射关系，在src/main/java/com/xyfer/domain下面创建实体类User.java；

package com.xyfer.domain;
 
public class User {
    public int id;
    public String name;
    public int age;
    public String address;
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
 
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
 
    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }
 
    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", address='" + address + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
 
}

2、在src/main/java/com/xyfer/dao下面创建UserDao，并创建一个findUserById的方法；

package com.xyfer.dao;
 
import com.xyfer.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
 
/**
 * dao层
 */
@Repository
public interface UserDao {
    /**
     * 根据id查询user
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    public User findUserById(int id);
}

在applicationContext.xml中配置了mapper文件的位置：

所以在src/main/resources下面创建com.xyfer.dao的包，并创建UserDaoMapper.xml文件，注意mapper文件中的namespace的配置，并书写id问getUserById的SQL语句

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.xyfer.dao.UserDao">
    <select id="findUserById" parameterType="int" resultType="com.xyfer.domain.User">
        select * from user where id=#{id}
    </select>
</mapper>

3、在src/main/java/com/xyfer/service中创建UserService接口，并在src/main/java/com/xyfer/service/impl中创建实现类UserServiceImpl；

UserService接口：

package com.xyfer.service;
 
import com.xyfer.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
/**
 * UserService层
 */
public interface UserService {
    /**
     * 根据id查询user
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    public User findUserById(int id);
 
}

实现类UserServiceImpl：

package com.xyfer.service.impl;
 
import com.xyfer.dao.UserDao;
import com.xyfer.domain.User;
import com.xyfer.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
 
/**
 * UserServiceImpl service实现类
 */
@Service
@Transactional
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
    @Autowired
    public UserDao userDao;
 
    /**
     * 根据id查询user
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    public User findUserById(int id) {
        return userDao.findUserById(id);
    }
 
}

4、在src/main/java/com/xyfer/controller中创建UserController：

package com.xyfer.controller;
 
import com.xyfer.domain.User;
import com.xyfer.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
 
/**
 * controller层
 */
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/xyfer")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    public UserService userService;
 
    /**
     * 根据id查询user
     * @param id
     * @return
     */
    @RequestMapping("/findUserById")
    public String findUserById(int id, Model model){
        User user = userService.findUserById(id);
        model.addAttribute("user",user);
        return "userInfo";
    };
}

五、前端页面展示；

由于在springmvc.xml中配置的视图解析器如图所示,并且controller控制器返回的是"userInfo"：

所以要在src/main/webapp/WEB-INF下面创建一个jsp文件夹，并创建一个userInfo.jsp文件；

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
         pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
    <title>user信息</title>
</head>
<body>
<form>
    <table width="100%" border=1>
        <tr>
            <td>姓名</td>
            <td> ${user.name } </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>年龄</td>
            <td> ${user.age } </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
            <td>地址</td>
            <td>${user.address} </textarea>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </table>
</form>
</body>
</html>