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Spring Boot整合WebSocket

2019-08-16 12:07:11来源：博客园阅读 ()

Spring Boot整合WebSocket

我们首先要知道WebSocket的应用场景：

①在线股票网站

②即时聊天

③多人在线游戏

④应用集群通信

⑤系统性能及时监控

......

下面让我们开始从项目中学习WebSocket：

（一）首先创建一个Spring Boot项目，如下图，博主用的是IDEA：

后续过程不太难，如果还是不太会的话，请看https://www.cnblogs.com/Trojan00/p/11317839.html：

（二）添加依赖：

（三）配置WebSocket(WebScoketMessageBroker.java):

 1 package com.example.demo;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 4 import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;
 5 import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;
 6 import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;
 7 import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
 8 
 9 @Configuration
10 @EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
11 public class WebScoketMessageBroker implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
12     @Override
13     public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry config){
14         config.enableSimpleBroker("/topic");
15         config.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");
16     }
17     @Override
18     public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry){
19         registry.addEndpoint("/chat").withSockJS();
20     }
21 }

讲解时间到：

①自定义类WebSocketConfig继承自WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer进

行WebSocket配置，然后通过@EnableWebSocketMessageBgroker注解开启

WebSocket消息代理；

②config.enableSimpleBroker("/topic")表示设置消息代理的前缀，即如果消息的

前缀是"/topic"，就会将消息转发给消息代理（Broker）,再由消息代理将消息广

播给当前连接的客户端。

③config.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app")表示配置一个或多个前缀，

通过这些前缀过滤出需要备注接方法处理的消息。例如，前缀为“/app”的d-

estination可以通过@MessageMapping注解的方法处理，而其他destination

（例如："/topic" "/queue"）将被直接交给broker处理。

④registry.adEndpoing("/chat").withSockJS()则表示定义一个前缀为"/chat"的

EndPoint，并开启sockjs支持，sockjs可以解决浏览器对WebSocket的兼容性

问题，客户户端将通过这里配置的URL来建立WebSocket连接。

（四）定义Controller（GreetingController.java）：

 1 package org.sang.wschat.controller;
 2 
 3 import org.sang.wschat.model.Chat;
 4 import org.sang.wschat.model.Message;
 5 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 6 import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;
 7 import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;
 8 import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate;
 9 import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
10 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
11 
12 import java.security.Principal;
13 
14 @Controller
15 public class GreetingController {
16     @Autowired
17     SimpMessagingTemplate messagingTemplate;
18 
19     @MessageMapping("/hello")
20     @SendTo("/topic/greetings")
21     public Message greeting(Message message) throws Exception {
22         return message;
23     }
24 //    @MessageMapping("/chat")
25 //    public void chat(Principal principal, Chat chat) {
26 //        String from = principal.getName();
27 //        chat.setFrom(from);
28 //        messagingTemplate.convertAndSendToUser(chat.getTo(), "/queue/chat", chat);
29 //    }
30 }

讲解时间到：

在这一段代码中我们看到@MessageMapping("/hello")注解的方法将用来接

收"/app/hello"（上一段代码讲解的第三步）路径发送来的消息，在注解方法

对消息处理后，再将消息转发到@SendTo定义的路径上，儿@SendTo路径是

一个前缀为"/topic"的路径，所以该消息将被交给消息代理的broker，之后再

由broker进行广播（上一段代码讲解的第三步）。

快捷聊天界面构建（chat.html）：

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>
 2 <html lang="en">
 3 <head>
 4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
 5     <title>群聊</title>
 6     <script src="/webjars/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>          //外部JS，添加依赖是有添加
 7     <script src="/webjars/sockjs-client/sockjs.min.js"></script>   //外部JS
 8     <script src="/webjars/stomp-websocket/stomp.min.js"></script>  //外部JS
 9     <script src="/app.js"></script>
10 </head>
11 <body>
12 <div>
13     <label for="name">请输入用户名：</label>
14     <input type="text" id="name" placeholder="用户名">
15 </div>
16 <div>
17     <button id="connect" type="button">连接</button>
18     <button id="disconnect" type="button" disabled="disabled">断开连接</button>
19 </div>
20 <div id="chat" style="display: none;">
21     <div>
22         <label for="name">请输入聊天内容：</label>
23         <input type="text" id="content" placeholder="聊天内容">
24     </div>
25     <button id="send" type="button">发送</button>
26     <div id="greetings">
27         <div id="conversation" style="display: none">群聊进行中...</div>
28     </div>
29 </div>
30 </body>
31 </html>

app.js：

 1 var stompClient = null;
 2 function setConnected(connected) {
 3     $("#connect").prop("disabled", connected);
 4     $("#disconnect").prop("disabled", !connected);
 5     if (connected) {
 6         $("#conversation").show();
 7         $("#chat").show();
 8     }
 9     else {
10         $("#conversation").hide();
11         $("#chat").hide();
12     }
13     $("#greetings").html("");
14 }
15 function connect() {
16     if (!$("#name").val()) {
17         return;
18     }
19     // registry.addEndpoint("/chat").withSockJS()中的那个"/chat"
20     var socket = new SockJS('/chat');  
21     stompClient = Stomp.over(socket);
22     stompClient.connect({}, function (frame) {
23         setConnected(true);
24         // 第一个参数就是目的地地址
25         stompClient.subscribe('/topic/greetings', function (greeting) {
26             showGreeting(JSON.parse(greeting.body));
27         });
28     });
29 }
30 function disconnect() {
31     if (stompClient !== null) {
32         stompClient.disconnect();
33     }
34     setConnected(false);
35 }
36 function sendName() {
37     // 发送，第一个参数就是GreetingController中的发送源地址
38     stompClient.send("/app/hello", {}, JSON.stringify({'name': $("#name").val(),'content':$("#content").val()}));
39 }
40 function showGreeting(message) {
41     $("#greetings").append("<div>" + message.name+":"+message.content + "</div>");
42 }
43 
44 $(function () {
45     //分别是点击连接、断开连接、发送三个事件，以及对应出发的函数
46     $( "#connect" ).click(function() { connect(); });
47     $( "#disconnect" ).click(function() { disconnect(); });
48     $( "#send" ).click(function() { sendName(); });
49 });

运行（打开两个页面，进入chat.html，并输入两个用户名，然后点击连接，就可以输入内容了

，输入好就可点击发送了）：

（五）接下来让我们看一下点对点的传送吧！点对点，所以有了用户，因此用到了spring security，故

先要添加Spring Security的依赖；

（六）配置Spring Security（WebSecurityConfig）：

 1 package org.sang.wschat.config;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
 4 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 5 import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
 6 import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
 7 import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
 8 import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
 9 import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
10 
11 @Configuration
12 public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
13     @Bean
14     PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
15         return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
16     }
17     @Override
18     protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
19         auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
20         .withUser("admin")
21         .password("$2a$10$RMuFXGQ5AtH4wOvkUqyvuecpqUSeoxZYqilXzbz50dceRsga.WYiq") //即123
22         .roles("admin")
23         .and()
24         .withUser("sang")
25         .password("$2a$10$RMuFXGQ5AtH4wOvkUqyvuecpqUSeoxZYqilXzbz50dceRsga.WYiq") //即123
26         .roles("user");
27     }
28     @Override
29     protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
30         http.authorizeRequests()
31                 .anyRequest().authenticated()
32                 .and()
33                 .formLogin().permitAll();
34     }
35 }

（七）改造WebSocket（WebSocketConfig.java）:

 1 package org.sang.wschat.config;
 2 
 3 import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 4 import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;
 5 import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;
 6 import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;
 7 import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
 8 
 9 @Configuration
10 @EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
11 public class WebSocketConfig implements WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
12     @Override
13     public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry config) {
14         config.enableSimpleBroker("/topic","/queue");  //就这里多加了个"/queue"
15         config.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");
16     }
17     @Override
18     public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
19         registry.addEndpoint("/chat").withSockJS();
20     }
21 }

（八）配置Controller：

 1 package org.sang.wschat.controller;
 2 
 3 import org.sang.wschat.model.Chat;
 4 import org.sang.wschat.model.Message;
 5 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 6 import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;
 7 import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;
 8 import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate;
 9 import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
10 import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
11 
12 import java.security.Principal;
13 
14 @Controller
15 public class GreetingController {
16     @Autowired
17     SimpMessagingTemplate messagingTemplate;
18 
19     @MessageMapping("/hello")
20     @SendTo("/topic/greetings")
21     public Message greeting(Message message) throws Exception {
22         return message;
23     }
24     @MessageMapping("/chat")
25     public void chat(Principal principal, Chat chat) {
26         String from = principal.getName();
27         chat.setFrom(from);
28         messagingTemplate.convertAndSendToUser(chat.getTo(), "/queue/chat", chat);  
29     }
30 }

（九）创建聊天界面（类似于chat.html,此处是onlinechat.html）:

 1 <!DOCTYPE html>
 2 <html lang="en">
 3 <head>
 4     <meta charset="UTF-8">
 5     <title>单聊</title>
 6     <script src="/webjars/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>
 7     <script src="/webjars/sockjs-client/sockjs.min.js"></script>
 8     <script src="/webjars/stomp-websocket/stomp.min.js"></script>
 9     <script src="/chat.js"></script>
10 </head>
11 <body>
12 <div id="chat">
13     <div id="chatsContent">
14     </div>
15     <div>
16         请输入聊天内容：
17         <input type="text" id="content" placeholder="聊天内容">
18         目标用户：
19         <input type="text" id="to" placeholder="目标用户">
20         <button id="send" type="button">发送</button>
21     </div>
22 </div>
23 </body>
24 </html>

（十）该轮到chat.js了，类似于点对点之前的那个项目的app.js:

 1 var stompClient = null;
 2 function connect() {
 3     var socket = new SockJS('/chat');
 4     stompClient = Stomp.over(socket);
 5     stompClient.connect({}, function (frame) {
 6         stompClient.subscribe('/user/queue/chat', function (chat) {
 7             showGreeting(JSON.parse(chat.body));
 8         });
 9     });
10 }
11 function sendMsg() {
12     stompClient.send("/app/chat", {}, JSON.stringify({'content':$("#content").val(), 'to':$("#to").val()}));
13 }
14 function showGreeting(message) {
15     $("#chatsContent").append("<div>" + message.from+":"+message.content + "</div>");
16 }
17 $(function () {
18     connect();
19     $( "#send" ).click(function() { sendMsg(); });
20 });