分布式锁的几种实现方式

SETNX key val：当且仅当key不存在时，set一个key为val的字符串，返回1；若key存在，则什么都不做，返回0。

expire key timeout：为key设置一个超时时间，单位为second，超过这个时间锁会自动释放，避免死锁。

delete key：删除key

/**
 * 分布式锁的简单实现代码
 * Created by liuyang on 2017/4/20.
 */
public class DistributedLock {

    private final JedisPool jedisPool;

    public DistributedLock(JedisPool jedisPool) {
        this.jedisPool = jedisPool;
    }

    /**
     * 加锁
     * @param lockName       锁的key
     * @param acquireTimeout 获取超时时间
     * @param timeout        锁的超时时间
     * @return 锁标识
     */
    public String lockWithTimeout(String lockName, long acquireTimeout, long timeout) {
        Jedis conn = null;
        String retIdentifier = null;
        try {
            // 获取连接
            conn = jedisPool.getResource();
            // 随机生成一个value
            String identifier = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
            // 锁名，即key值
            String lockKey = "lock:" + lockName;
            // 超时时间，上锁后超过此时间则自动释放锁
            int lockExpire = (int) (timeout / 1000);

            // 获取锁的超时时间，超过这个时间则放弃获取锁
            long end = System.currentTimeMillis() + acquireTimeout;
            while (System.currentTimeMillis() < end) {
                if (conn.setnx(lockKey, identifier) == 1) {
                    conn.expire(lockKey, lockExpire);
                    // 返回value值，用于释放锁时间确认
                    retIdentifier = identifier;
                    return retIdentifier;
                }
                // 返回-1代表key没有设置超时时间，为key设置一个超时时间
                if (conn.ttl(lockKey) == -1) {
                    conn.expire(lockKey, lockExpire);
                }

                try {
                    Thread.sleep(10);
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                }
            }
        } catch (JedisException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (conn != null) {
                conn.close();
            }
        }
        return retIdentifier;
    }

    /**
     * 释放锁
     * @param lockName   锁的key
     * @param identifier 释放锁的标识
     * @return
     */
    public boolean releaseLock(String lockName, String identifier) {
        Jedis conn = null;
        String lockKey = "lock:" + lockName;
        boolean retFlag = false;
        try {
            conn = jedisPool.getResource();
            while (true) {
                // 监视lock，准备开始事务
                conn.watch(lockKey);
                // 通过前面返回的value值判断是不是该锁，若是该锁，则删除，释放锁
                if (identifier.equals(conn.get(lockKey))) {
                    Transaction transaction = conn.multi();
                    transaction.del(lockKey);
                    List<Object> results = transaction.exec();
                    if (results == null) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    retFlag = true;
                }
                conn.unwatch();
                break;
            }
        } catch (JedisException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (conn != null) {
                conn.close();
            }
        }
        return retFlag;
    }
}

/**
 * Created by liuyang on 2017/4/20.
 */
public class Service {

    private static JedisPool pool = null;

    private DistributedLock lock = new DistributedLock(pool);

    int n = 500;

    static {
        JedisPoolConfig config = new JedisPoolConfig();
        // 设置最大连接数
        config.setMaxTotal(200);
        // 设置最大空闲数
        config.setMaxIdle(8);
        // 设置最大等待时间
        config.setMaxWaitMillis(1000 * 100);
        // 在borrow一个jedis实例时，是否需要验证，若为true，则所有jedis实例均是可用的
        config.setTestOnBorrow(true);
        pool = new JedisPool(config, "127.0.0.1", 6379, 3000);
    }

    public void seckill() {
        // 返回锁的value值，供释放锁时候进行判断
        String identifier = lock.lockWithTimeout("resource", 5000, 1000);
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获得了锁");
        System.out.println(--n);
        lock.releaseLock("resource", identifier);
    }
}

public class ThreadA extends Thread {
    private Service service;

    public ThreadA(Service service) {
        this.service = service;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        service.seckill();
    }
}

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Service service = new Service();
        for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
            ThreadA threadA = new ThreadA(service);
            threadA.start();
        }
    }
}

public void seckill() {
    // 返回锁的value值，供释放锁时候进行判断
    //String indentifier = lock.lockWithTimeout("resource", 5000, 1000);
    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + "获得了锁");
    System.out.println(--n);
    //lock.releaseLock("resource", indentifier);
}

public class CuratorDistributedLockTest {
 
    private static final String ZK_ADDRESS = "localhost:2181";
    private static final String ZK_LOCK_PATH = "/zktest/lock0";
 
    /**
     * 下面的程序会启动几个线程去争夺锁，拿到锁的线程会占用5秒
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        // 1.Connect to zk
        CuratorFramework client = CuratorFrameworkFactory.newClient(ZK_ADDRESS, new RetryNTimes(10, 5000));
        client.start();
 
        System.out.println(client.getState());
 
        System.out.println("zk client start successfully!");
 
        InterProcessMutex lock = new InterProcessMutex(client, ZK_LOCK_PATH);
 
        for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
            new Thread(() -> {
                doWithLock(client, lock);
            }, "Thread-" + i).start();
        }
 
    }
 
    private static void doWithLock(CuratorFramework client, InterProcessMutex lock) {
        try {
            String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();
            if (lock.acquire(10 * 1000, TimeUnit.SECONDS)) {
 
                System.out.println(name + " hold lock");
 
                System.out.println(client.getChildren().forPath(ZK_LOCK_PATH));
 
                Thread.sleep(5000L);
                System.out.println(name + " release lock");
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                lock.release();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
 
}