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CentOS7 DHCP 服务搭建

2018-12-11 09:02:47来源：博客园阅读 ()

一、实验环境

1、VMware12、俩台Linux（Ser 和 Client ）、DHCP安装包。

二、操作流程

1、安装DHCP

2、配置DHCP的配置文件： /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

3、测试服务

三、实操如下

1、# yum -y install dhcp* //安装DHCP，注意要带上* 在Ser上操作。

2、# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33-1 //在Ser上配置网络IP地址，一般都是ens33

3、网络IP设置如下：

HWADDR=00:0C:29:03:EA:35
TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=static //改为static，表示静态地址
IPADDR=192.168.1.20    //改为和subnet 同网段的地址（此地址最好选择range之外的地址）
PREFIX=24    //改为和网路IP地址对应的子网掩码
GATEWAY=192.168.1.1    //注意：此处网关必须设置和DHCP作用域里面的网关相同
DNS1=8.8.8.8 //DNS设置正常的就可以
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=2d5fde3e-2e83-49af-b7d7-f326fc3a7001
ONBOOT=yes //保证网卡处于yes 启动状态

?按键esc 输入：wq 保存退出。

#systemctl restart network //重启网卡（建议重启系统）

4、配置DHCP的配置文件： vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

打开配置文件按照提示 #cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp*/dhcpd.conf.example /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf //用示例文件覆盖配置文件

#vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf //正式开始编辑配置文件，加底色的保留，其他的全部dd

# dhcpd.conf
#
# Sample configuration file for ISC dhcpd
#

# option definitions common to all supported networks...
option domain-name "example.org"; //作用域名
option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org; //DNS

default-lease-time 600; //默认租约时间
max-lease-time 7200; //最大租约时间

# Use this to enble / disable dynamic dns updates globally.
#ddns-update-style none;

# If this DHCP server is the official DHCP server for the local
# network, the authoritative directive should be uncommented.
#authoritative;

# Use this to send dhcp log messages to a different log file (you also
# have to hack syslog.conf to complete the redirection).

log-facility local7;

# No service will be given on this subnet, but declaring it helps the
# DHCP server to understand the network topology.

subnet 10.152.187.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
} //声明网络拓扑

# This is a very basic subnet declaration.

subnet 10.254.239.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
range 10.254.239.10 10.254.239.20;
option routers rtr-239-0-1.example.org, rtr-239-0-2.example.org;
}

# This declaration allows BOOTP clients to get dynamic addresses,
# which we don't really recommend.

subnet 10.254.239.32 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
range dynamic-bootp 10.254.239.40 10.254.239.60;
option broadcast-address 10.254.239.31;

option routers rtr-239-32-1.example.org;
}

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 { //作用域网段
range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30;    //地址池范围
option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org;    //DNS
option domain-name "internal.example.org";    //作用域名
option routers 10.5.5.1; //网关，Ser上面配置的网关和此网关要一致
option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;    //广播地址
default-lease-time 600;    //默认租约时间
max-lease-time 7200;    //最大租约时间
}    //创建一个子网地址池

# Hosts which require special configuration options can be listed in
# host statements. If no address is specified, the address will be
# allocated dynamically (if possible), but the host-specific information
# will still come from the host declaration.

host passacaglia {
hardware ethernet 0:0:c0:5d:bd:95;
filename "vmunix.passacaglia";
server-name "toccata.fugue.com";
}

# Fixed IP addresses can also be specified for hosts. These addresses
# should not also be listed as being available for dynamic assignment.
# Hosts for which fixed IP addresses have been specified can boot using
# BOOTP or DHCP. Hosts for which no fixed address is specified can only
# be booted with DHCP, unless there is an address range on the subnet
# to which a BOOTP client is connected which has the dynamic-bootp flag
# set.
host fantasia {
hardware ethernet 08:00:07:26:c0:a5;
fixed-address fantasia.fugue.com;
}

# You can declare a class of clients and then do address allocation
# based on that. The example below shows a case where all clients

# in a certain class get addresses on the 10.17.224/24 subnet, and all
# other clients get addresses on the 10.0.29/24 subnet.

class "foo" {
match if substring (option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 4) = "SUNW";
}

shared-network 224-29 {
subnet 10.17.224.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    option routers rtr-224.example.org;
}
subnet 10.0.29.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
    option routers rtr-29.example.org;
}
pool {
    allow members of "foo";
    range 10.17.224.10 10.17.224.250;
}
pool {
    deny members of "foo";

range 10.0.29.10 10.0.29.230;
}
}

?按键esc 输入：wq 保存退出。

#systemctl start dhcpd //启动DHCP服务

5、测试地址分发

首先将俩台虚拟系统Ser 和 Client 的网卡配置在同一个虚拟网络环境中，如下图