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Linux 网管 123 --- 第7章. 自订的组态及管理内…

2008-02-23 07:18:58来源：互联网阅读 ()

使用 Samba 进行 Windows型态的档案及列印服务

Linux可以使用 Samba 套件提供 SMB 服务 (例如. WfW, Win95，及 NT型态的网路档案及列印分享)。
这一节会描述如何组态分享，以及如何从客户端存取这些服务。
Samba 套件包含在 Red Hat 发行版中，您可以检查是否安装以及其版本，键入:
rpm -q samba

如果尚未安装，您需要使用 RPM 公用程式安装它。查看第10章，使用 Red Hat 套件管理程式 (RPM)
一节有关如何做的细节。

这些 Samba 档中您应该关心的最重要部分是:

/etc/smb.conf

Samba 组态档是分享及其他组态参数的设定 (查看下面)

/var/log/samba/

放 Samba log 档的地方

/home/samba/

建议应该设定的档案分享位置。然而，您应该选择一个符合足够您存放档案空间的地方。个人来说，
我常设定一个大的 partition 挂载在 /archive/ 下并且放我的分享档案。
``/etc/smb.conf'' 档包含了档案及列印分享的组态资讯。档案的开头几行包含了整体的组态方针，所
有的分享都相同 (除非他们超越了每一个独立分享的基础)，其馀的是分享部分。
Samba 安装包括了一个预设的 smb.conf 档，可以满足您大多数的需求，且只需作稍微的修改。

这是这个档的一些例 (我会大幅地自订它给您看看更多重要及有趣的部分):
# Items common to all shares (unless over-ridden on a per-share basis)
[global]
# Number of minutes of inactivity before client is disconnected
# to avoid consuming resources. Most clients will automatically
# reconnect so this is a good idea to enable.
dead time = 10

# Don't let users connect as “root”, just-in-case. :-)
invalid users = root

# Specify the account for guest shares (shares that don't require
# a password to connect to. This username must be a valid user
# in the /etc/passwd file.
guest account = guest

# Specify where log files should be written to. The “%m” suffix
# means that log files will be created in the format
# log.machine-name (eg. “log.twixel”)
log file = /usr/local/samba/logs/log.%m

# Maximum size of log file, in Kilobytes.
max log size = 1000

# Password level 3 means that case is not an issue when entering
# passwords. A little less secure than level 1 or 2 would be,
# but seems to be a fair compromise for user convenience.
password level = 3

# Specify that all shares should appear in the browse list
# (override any you don't want on a per-share basis).
browseable = yes

# If this is enabled, you can see active connections using the
# “smbstatus” command.
status = yes

# The level of debugging information that is recorded in the log
# files. Higher values generate more information (which is
# probably not very useful, most of the time).
debug level = 2

# This will send any Windows-style “POPUP” messages received on
# the server to the postmaster by e-mail. Not very useful, but
# an interesting demonstration of what can be accomplished.
message command = /bin/mail -s 'Message from %f on %m' postmaster < %s; rm %s &

# This is a form of caching that, when enabled, may improve
# performance when reading files.
read prediction = true

# A list of services that should be added automatically to the
# browse-list.
auto services = cdrom

# The location of your “printcap” file, a text file containing
# definitions for your printers.
printcap name = /etc/printcap

# If enabled all printers in the /etc/printcap file will be
# loaded into the browse-list.
load printers = yes

# The print command by which data is spooled to a printer under Linux.
print command = lpr -r -P%p %s

# The print command by which job queue information (printer status)
# can be obtained.
lpq command = lpq -P%p

# The print command by which unwanted print jobs can be deleted
# from the queue.
lprm command = lprm -P%p %j

# The level at which Samba advertises itself for browse elections.
# Currently set to a high value to give it an even “foot-hold” with
# any swarmy NT servers on the network. :-)
os level = 34

# These are user's personal shares. If the client's username matches on the
# server, they can access their home directory (provided they enter the
# correct password).
[homes]
# The comments appear in the browse list.
comment = Home Directories

# This matches the username of the client to that of the share.
# If they do not match, no share will be displayed in the browse
# list, or available to connect to.
user = %S

# The path to the share. For example, “smithj” would map to
# “/home/smithj”
path = /home/%S

# If enabled, allow read/write access to the shares.
writeable = yes

# Just an inverted synonym for “writeable”. We don't *really* need
# to use both. :-)

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