openbsd faq 10.15 - Applying patches in OpenB…

10.15 - Applying patches in OpenBSD
Even with OpenBSD, bugs happen.
Some bugs may lead to reliability issues (i.e., something may cause
the system to stop functioning as desired). Other bugs may lead to security
vulnerabilities (which may allow others to "use" your computer in unintended
ways).
When a critical bug is found, the fix will be committed to
the -current source tree, and patches will be released for the
supported releases
of OpenBSD.
These patches appear on the errata web
page, and are separated into "common" errata that impact
all
platforms
, and errata that impact only
one or more, but not all, platforms.
Note, however, that patches aren't made for new additions to OpenBSD,
and are only done for important reliability fixes or security problems
that should be addressed right away on impacted systems (which is often
NOT all systems, depending on their purpose).
There are three ways to update your system with patched code:

• Upgrade your system to
  -current
  .
  As all fixes are applied to the -current code base, updating your
  system to the latest snapshot is a very good way to apply fixed code.
  However, running -current is not for everyone.
  
• Update your system to
  -stable
  .
  This is done by fetching or updating your source tree using the appropriate
  -stable branch, and recompiling the kernel and userland files.
  Overall, this is probably the easiest way, though it takes longer (as the
  entire system gets recompiled) and a complete source checkout can take a
  long time if you have limited bandwidth available.
  
• Patch, compile and install individual impacted files.
  This is what we will use for our example below.
  While this requires less bandwidth and typically less time than an entire
  cvs(1) checkout/update and source code compilation, this is sometimes
  the most difficult option, as there is no one universal set of
  instructions to follow.
  Sometimes you must patch, recompile and install one application, other
  times, you might have to recompile entire sections of the tree if the
  problem is in a library file.
  

Again, patching individual files is not always simple, so give serious
thought to following the
-stable
(or
"patch") branch of OpenBSD.
Mixing and matching of patching solutions can be done if you understand
how everything works, but new users should pick one method and stick with
it.
How are "errata" patches different from what is in the CVS tree?
All patches posted to the
errata web page
are patches
directly against the indicated release's source tree. Patches against the
latest CVS tree might also include other changes that wouldn't be wanted

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