C# 实现的 AES 加密算法

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
 
//
// Sample encrypt/decrypt functions
// Parameter checks and error handling
// are ommited for better readability
// @author:Ashwin Kumar
// Date : 12/3/2008
public class AESEncryptionUtility
{
    static int  Main(string[] args)
    {
        if (args.Length < 2)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Usage: AESEncryptionUtility infile outFile");
                return 1;
            }
            string infile = args[0];
            string outfile = args[1];
            //string keyfile = args[2];
            //var key = File.ReadAllBytes(keyfile);
            Encrypt(infile,outfile,"test");
            Decrypt(outfile,"_decrypted"+infile,"test");
            return 0;
 
    }
 
    // Encrypt a byte array into a byte array using a key and an IV
    public static byte[] Encrypt(byte[] clearData, byte[] Key, byte[] IV)
    {
        // Create a MemoryStream to accept the encrypted bytes
        MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
        // Create a symmetric algorithm.
        // We are going to use Rijndael because it is strong and
        // available on all platforms.
        // You can use other algorithms, to do so substitute the
        // next line with something like
        //      TripleDES alg = TripleDES.Create();
        Rijndael alg = Rijndael.Create();
        // Now set the key and the IV.
        // We need the IV (Initialization Vector) because
        // the algorithm is operating in its default
        // mode called CBC (Cipher Block Chaining).
        // The IV is XORed with the first block (8 byte)
        // of the data before it is encrypted, and then each
        // encrypted block is XORed with the
        // following block of plaintext.
        // This is done to make encryption more secure.
        // There is also a mode called ECB which does not need an IV,
        // but it is much less secure.
        alg.Key = Key;
        alg.IV = IV;
        // Create a CryptoStream through which we are going to be
        // pumping our data.
        // CryptoStreamMode.Write means that we are going to be
        // writing data to the stream and the output will be written
        // in the MemoryStream we have provided.
        CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms, alg.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
        // Write the data and make it do the encryption
        cs.Write(clearData, 0, clearData.Length);
        // Close the crypto stream (or do FlushFinalBlock).
        // This will tell it that we have done our encryption and
        // there is no more data coming in,
        // and it is now a good time to apply the padding and
        // finalize the encryption process.
        cs.Close();
        // Now get the encrypted data from the MemoryStream.
        // Some people make a mistake of using GetBuffer() here,
        // which is not the right way.
        byte[] encryptedData = ms.ToArray();
        return encryptedData;
    }
 
    // Encrypt a string into a string using a password
    //    Uses Encrypt(byte[], byte[], byte[])
    public static string Encrypt(string clearText, string Password)
    {
        // First we need to turn the input string into a byte array.
        byte[] clearBytes =
          System.Text.Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes(clearText);
        // Then, we need to turn the password into Key and IV
        // We are using salt to make it harder to guess our key
        // using a dictionary attack -
        // trying to guess a password by enumerating all possible words.
        PasswordDeriveBytes pdb = new PasswordDeriveBytes(Password,
            new byte[] {0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d,
            0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76});
        // Now get the key/IV and do the encryption using the
        // function that accepts byte arrays.
        // Using PasswordDeriveBytes object we are first getting
        // 32 bytes for the Key
        // (the default Rijndael key length is 256bit = 32bytes)
        // and then 16 bytes for the IV.
        // IV should always be the block size, which is by default
        // 16 bytes (128 bit) for Rijndael.
        // If you are using DES/TripleDES/RC2 the block size is
        // 8 bytes and so should be the IV size.
        // You can also read KeySize/BlockSize properties off
        // the algorithm to find out the sizes.
        byte[] encryptedData = Encrypt(clearBytes,
                 pdb.GetBytes(32), pdb.GetBytes(16));
 
        // Now we need to turn the resulting byte array into a string.
        // A common mistake would be to use an Encoding class for that.
        //It does not work because not all byte values can be
        // represented by characters.
        // We are going to be using Base64 encoding that is designed
        //exactly for what we are trying to do.
        return Convert.ToBase64String(encryptedData);
    }
 
    // Encrypt bytes into bytes using a password
    //    Uses Encrypt(byte[], byte[], byte[])
    public static byte[] Encrypt(byte[] clearData, string Password)
    {
        // We need to turn the password into Key and IV.
        // We are using salt to make it harder to guess our key
        // using a dictionary attack -
        // trying to guess a password by enumerating all possible words.
        PasswordDeriveBytes pdb = new PasswordDeriveBytes(Password,
            new byte[] {0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d,
            0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76});
 
        // Now get the key/IV and do the encryption using the function
        // that accepts byte arrays.
        // Using PasswordDeriveBytes object we are first getting
        // 32 bytes for the Key
        // (the default Rijndael key length is 256bit = 32bytes)
        // and then 16 bytes for the IV.
        // IV should always be the block size, which is by default
        // 16 bytes (128 bit) for Rijndael.
        // If you are using DES/TripleDES/RC2 the block size is 8
        // bytes and so should be the IV size.
        // You can also read KeySize/BlockSize properties off the
        // algorithm to find out the sizes.
        return Encrypt(clearData, pdb.GetBytes(32), pdb.GetBytes(16));
    }
 
    // Encrypt a file into another file using a password
    public static void Encrypt(string fileIn,
                string fileOut, string Password)
    {
        // First we are going to open the file streams
        FileStream fsIn = new FileStream(fileIn,
            FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
        FileStream fsOut = new FileStream(fileOut,
            FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write);
        // Then we are going to derive a Key and an IV from the
        // Password and create an algorithm
        PasswordDeriveBytes pdb = new PasswordDeriveBytes(Password,
            new byte[] {0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d,
            0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76});
        Rijndael alg = Rijndael.Create();
        alg.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
        alg.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);
        // Now create a crypto stream through which we are going
        // to be pumping data.
        // Our fileOut is going to be receiving the encrypted bytes.
        CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(fsOut,
            alg.CreateEncryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
 
        // Now will will initialize a buffer and will be processing
        // the input file in chunks.
        // This is done to avoid reading the whole file (which can
        // be huge) into memory.
        int bufferLen = 4096;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferLen];
        int bytesRead;
        do {
            // read a chunk of data from the input file
            bytesRead = fsIn.Read(buffer, 0, bufferLen);
            // encrypt it
            cs.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
        } while(bytesRead != 0);
        // close everything
        // this will also close the unrelying fsOut stream
        cs.Close();
        fsIn.Close();
    }
 
    // Decrypt a byte array into a byte array using a key and an IV
    public static byte[] Decrypt(byte[] cipherData,
                                byte[] Key, byte[] IV)
    {
        // Create a MemoryStream that is going to accept the
        // decrypted bytes
        MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();
        // Create a symmetric algorithm.
        // We are going to use Rijndael because it is strong and
        // available on all platforms.
        // You can use other algorithms, to do so substitute the next
        // line with something like
        //     TripleDES alg = TripleDES.Create();
        Rijndael alg = Rijndael.Create();
        // Now set the key and the IV.
        // We need the IV (Initialization Vector) because the algorithm
        // is operating in its default
        // mode called CBC (Cipher Block Chaining). The IV is XORed with
        // the first block (8 byte)
        // of the data after it is decrypted, and then each decrypted
        // block is XORed with the previous
        // cipher block. This is done to make encryption more secure.
        // There is also a mode called ECB which does not need an IV,
        // but it is much less secure.
        alg.Key = Key;
        alg.IV = IV;
        // Create a CryptoStream through which we are going to be
        // pumping our data.
        // CryptoStreamMode.Write means that we are going to be
        // writing data to the stream
        // and the output will be written in the MemoryStream
        // we have provided.
        CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(ms,
            alg.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
        // Write the data and make it do the decryption
        cs.Write(cipherData, 0, cipherData.Length);
        // Close the crypto stream (or do FlushFinalBlock).
        // This will tell it that we have done our decryption
        // and there is no more data coming in,
        // and it is now a good time to remove the padding
        // and finalize the decryption process.
        cs.Close();
        // Now get the decrypted data from the MemoryStream.
        // Some people make a mistake of using GetBuffer() here,
        // which is not the right way.
        byte[] decryptedData = ms.ToArray();
        return decryptedData;
    }
 
    // Decrypt a string into a string using a password
    //    Uses Decrypt(byte[], byte[], byte[])
    public static string Decrypt(string cipherText, string Password)
    {
        // First we need to turn the input string into a byte array.
        // We presume that Base64 encoding was used
        byte[] cipherBytes = Convert.FromBase64String(cipherText);
        // Then, we need to turn the password into Key and IV
        // We are using salt to make it harder to guess our key
        // using a dictionary attack -
        // trying to guess a password by enumerating all possible words.
        PasswordDeriveBytes pdb = new PasswordDeriveBytes(Password,
            new byte[] {0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x65,
            0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76});
        // Now get the key/IV and do the decryption using
        // the function that accepts byte arrays.
        // Using PasswordDeriveBytes object we are first
        // getting 32 bytes for the Key
        // (the default Rijndael key length is 256bit = 32bytes)
        // and then 16 bytes for the IV.
        // IV should always be the block size, which is by
        // default 16 bytes (128 bit) for Rijndael.
        // If you are using DES/TripleDES/RC2 the block size is
        // 8 bytes and so should be the IV size.
        // You can also read KeySize/BlockSize properties off
        // the algorithm to find out the sizes.
        byte[] decryptedData = Decrypt(cipherBytes,
           pdb.GetBytes(32), pdb.GetBytes(16));
        // Now we need to turn the resulting byte array into a string.
        // A common mistake would be to use an Encoding class for that.
        // It does not work
        // because not all byte values can be represented by characters.
        // We are going to be using Base64 encoding that is
        // designed exactly for what we are trying to do.
        return System.Text.Encoding.Unicode.GetString(decryptedData);
    }
 
    // Decrypt bytes into bytes using a password
    //    Uses Decrypt(byte[], byte[], byte[])
    public static byte[] Decrypt(byte[] cipherData, string Password)
    {
        // We need to turn the password into Key and IV.
        // We are using salt to make it harder to guess our key
        // using a dictionary attack -
        // trying to guess a password by enumerating all possible words.
        PasswordDeriveBytes pdb = new PasswordDeriveBytes(Password,
            new byte[] {0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d,
            0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76});
        // Now get the key/IV and do the Decryption using the
        //function that accepts byte arrays.
        // Using PasswordDeriveBytes object we are first getting
        // 32 bytes for the Key
        // (the default Rijndael key length is 256bit = 32bytes)
        // and then 16 bytes for the IV.
        // IV should always be the block size, which is by default
        // 16 bytes (128 bit) for Rijndael.
        // If you are using DES/TripleDES/RC2 the block size is
        // 8 bytes and so should be the IV size.
        // You can also read KeySize/BlockSize properties off the
        // algorithm to find out the sizes.
        return Decrypt(cipherData, pdb.GetBytes(32), pdb.GetBytes(16));
    }
 
    // Decrypt a file into another file using a password
    public static void Decrypt(string fileIn,
                string fileOut, string Password)
    {
        // First we are going to open the file streams
        FileStream fsIn = new FileStream(fileIn,
                    FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
        FileStream fsOut = new FileStream(fileOut,
                    FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Write);
        // Then we are going to derive a Key and an IV from
        // the Password and create an algorithm
        PasswordDeriveBytes pdb = new PasswordDeriveBytes(Password,
            new byte[] {0x49, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x20, 0x4d,
            0x65, 0x64, 0x76, 0x65, 0x64, 0x65, 0x76});
        Rijndael alg = Rijndael.Create();
        alg.Key = pdb.GetBytes(32);
        alg.IV = pdb.GetBytes(16);
        // Now create a crypto stream through which we are going
        // to be pumping data.
        // Our fileOut is going to be receiving the Decrypted bytes.
        CryptoStream cs = new CryptoStream(fsOut,
            alg.CreateDecryptor(), CryptoStreamMode.Write);
        // Now will will initialize a buffer and will be
        // processing the input file in chunks.
        // This is done to avoid reading the whole file (which can be
        // huge) into memory.
        int bufferLen = 4096;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferLen];
        int bytesRead;
        do {
            // read a chunk of data from the input file
            bytesRead = fsIn.Read(buffer, 0, bufferLen);
            // Decrypt it
            cs.Write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
        } while(bytesRead != 0);
        // close everything
        cs.Close(); // this will also close the unrelying fsOut stream
        fsIn.Close();
    }
 }

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