python文件操作
2018-07-20 来源：open-open
#! /usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
'''
Created on 2013-12-11
@author: Java
'''
import os
import MySQLdb
from db.DbUtil import DbUtil
import time
import shutil
import sys
import zipfile
from os.path import join,getsize
import math
class FileOption():
#global fileList 类的全局变量 放置位置
def __init__(self):
pass
def CreateFloderByList(self,pathList):
'''
创建文件夹
:param pathList:文件夹集合
'''
self.pathList = pathList
for path in pathList:
if not os.path.isdir(path):
os.makedirs(path)
def CreateFloder(self,path):
self.path = path
if not os.path.isdir(path):
os.makedirs(path)
def readFileName(self,path):
fileNames = os.listdir(path)
return fileNames
def renameFile(self,path):
'''
批量修改文件的名称
:param path:
'''
self.path = path
allRenameList = os.listdir(path)
for allRenameItem in allRenameList:
renamePath =os.path.join(path,allRenameItem)
if os.path.isfile(renamePath)==True:
print allRenameItem
if allRenameItem.find('.')<0:
newname = allRenameItem+'index.html'
os.renames(os.path.join(path,allRenameItem), os.path.join(path,newname))
print allRenameItem,'ok'
else:
os.renames(os.path.join(path,allRenameItem), os.path.join(path,'index.html'))
print allRenameItem,'ok'
def renameFile2(self,path,newName):
'''
批量修改文件名称,解决了中文文件名称的问题
:param path:路径
:param newName:新名称
'''
allRenameList = os.listdir(path)
for allRenameItem in allRenameList:
renamePath =os.path.join(path,allRenameItem)
if sys.getfilesystemencoding()=='mbcs':
renamePath=renamePath.decode('mbcs')
print renamePath
elif sys.getfilesystemencoding() & 0x800:
renamePath=renamePath.decode('utf-8')
# print renamePath
if os.path.isfile(renamePath)==True:
if sys.getfilesystemencoding()=='mbcs':
allRenameItem=allRenameItem.decode('mbcs')
elif sys.getfilesystemencoding() & 0x800:
allRenameItem=allRenameItem.decode('utf-8')
if allRenameItem.find('.')<0:
newname = allRenameItem+newName
os.renames(os.path.join(path,allRenameItem), os.path.join(path,newname))
print allRenameItem,'ok'
else:
os.renames(os.path.join(path,allRenameItem), os.path.join(path,newName))
print allRenameItem,'ok'
else:
option = FileOption()
option.renameFile2(renamePath,newName)
def IteratrFolder(self,testpath):
'''
遍历文件夹 并且解决了中文文件名的问题
查看系统文件名编码 sys.getfilesystemencoding()
:param path:
'''
listsubDir=[]
list = os.listdir(testpath)
for filename in list:
if sys.getfilesystemencoding()=='mbcs':
filename=filename.decode('mbcs')
paths = os.path.join(testpath,filename)
if os.path.isdir(paths):
listSub = os.listdir(paths)
for sub in listSub:
subDir = os.path.join(paths,sub)
listsubDir.append(subDir)
return listsubDir
def RemoveFilesByFileType(self,path,fileType):
'''
批量删除指定文件夹下指定文件类型的文件
:param path:路径
:param fileType:文件类型
'''
fileList = os.listdir(path)
for one in fileList:
print one
removePath =os.path.join(path,one)
if os.path.isfile(removePath)==True:
if removePath.find(fileType)>=0:
os.remove(removePath)
def isSubString(self,subStrList,string):
'''
判断 字符串Str是否包含序列subStrList 中的每一个子字符串
subStrList =['py','java','txt']
string = 'nihaojavaandpython.txt'
isSubString(subStrList,string)
reutn Treu(or False)
'''
flag = True
for substr in subStrList:
if not (substr in string):
flag = False
return flag
def getFileSuffix(self,filePath):
'''
得到所有文件的后缀名，用系统的函数os.path.splitext
'''
try:
for (dirPath,dirs,files) in os.walk(filePath):
for filename in files:
ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1] #取得文件类型，注意它还带着点号
print ext
except os.error,e:
print 'error e'%e
def getFileListBySuffix(self,filePath,fileList,suffixStr=[]):
'''
获取目录中指定的后缀名的文件 (自己写的方法)
'''
fileNames = os.listdir(filePath)
for fileName in fileNames:
findPath = os.path.join(filePath, fileName)
if os.path.isfile(findPath):
if (len(fileNames)>0):
if(len(suffixStr)>0):
#返回指定类型的文件名
option = FileOption()
if (option.isSubString(suffixStr,fileName)):
fullFileName = os.path.join(filePath,fileName)
fileList.append(fullFileName)
elif os.path.isdir(findPath):
option = FileOption()
option.getFileListBySuffix(findPath,fileList,suffixStr)
#对文件名排序
if (len(fileList)>0):
fileList.sort()
return fileList
def getFileListBySuffix_Better(self,filePath,fileList,suffixStr=[]):
'''
获取目录中指定的后缀名的文件 (自己写的方法速度更快)
'''
for (dirPath,dirs,files) in os.walk(filePath):
for filename in files:
if (len(files)>0):
if(len(suffixStr)>0):
#返回指定类型的文件名
option = FileOption()
if (option.isSubString(suffixStr,filename)):
fullFileName = os.path.join(filePath,filename)
fileList.append(fullFileName)
#对文件名排序
if (len(fileList)>0):
fileList.sort()
return fileList
def getFileListBySuffix_Best(self,filePath,fileList,suffixStr=[]):
'''
获取目录中指定的后缀名的文件 (自己写的方法速度更快)
'''
for (dirPath,dirs,files) in os.walk(filePath):
for filename in files:
if (len(files)>0):
if(len(suffixStr)>0):
#返回指定类型的文件名
for suf in suffixStr:
if os.path.splitext(filename)[1].find (suf)==0:
fullFileName = os.path.join(dirPath,filename)
fileList.append(fullFileName)
#对文件名排序
if (len(fileList)>0):
fileList.sort()
return fileList
def copyFiles(self,sourceDir, targetDir):
'''
实现对文件的拷贝
'''
for file in os.listdir(sourceDir):
sourceFile = os.path.join(sourceDir, file)
targetFile = os.path.join(targetDir, file)
if os.path.isfile(sourceFile):
if not os.path.exists(targetDir):
os.makedirs(targetDir)
if not os.path.exists(targetFile) or(os.path.exists(targetFile) and (os.path.getsize(targetFile) != os.path.getsize(sourceFile))):
open(targetFile, "wb").write(open(sourceFile, "rb").read())
if os.path.isdir(sourceFile):
First_Directory = False
create = FileOption()
create.copyFiles(sourceFile, targetFile)
def moveFiles(self,dir,extName):
'''
:param dir:原始数据目录
:param extName:文件的扩展名
根据文件名创建文件夹，并将其放入对应的文件夹内
'''
self.dir = dir
self.extName = extName
for i in os.listdir(dir):
name = ''.join(i.split(extName)[0:-1])
print name
os.mkdir(os.path.join(dir,name))
os.rename(os.path.join(dir,i), os.path.join(dir,name,i))
def moveDirAndFiles(self,oldPath,newPath):
'''
实现对指定文件的迁移
:param oldPath:源路径
:param newPath:目的路径
'''
self.oldPath = oldPath
self.newPath = newPath
try:
allChangeFileList = os.listdir(oldPath)
for allChangeItem in allChangeFileList:
changeFilePath =os.path.join(oldPath,allChangeItem)
if os.path.isdir(changeFilePath):
dstAddPath = os.path.join(newPath,allChangeItem)
if os.path.exists(dstAddPath):
moveFiles = FileOption()
moveFiles.moveDirAndFiles(oldPath,dstAddPath)
else:
os.makedirs(newPath)
os.rename(oldPath,newPath)
else:
shutil.move(oldPath,newPath)
return True
except os.errno,e:
print 'error e%s'%e
# def moveDirAndFiles_Better(self,oldPath,newPath):
# '''
# 实现对指定文件的迁移
# :param oldPath:源路径
# :param newPath:目的路径
# '''
# self.oldPath = oldPath
# self.newPath = newPath
# try:
# for (dirPath,dirs,files) in os.walk(oldPath):
# for filename in files:
# dstPath = os.path.join(dirPath,filename)
# print dstPath
# if os.path.exists(dstPath):
# shutil.move(oldPath,newPath)
# else:
# os.makedirs(newPath)
# os.rename(oldPath,newPath)
# except os.errno,e:
# print 'error e%s'%e
def TraverseFolder(self,path):
'''
遍历文件夹
:param path:
'''
self.path = path
print "<----folder&file---->"
no=0
for (path,dirs,files) in os.walk(path):
print
no += 1
print "No.%d"%no
print "path=%s"%path
if len(dirs)!=0:
# print type(dirs)
subfolders = ''
for dir in dirs:
subfolders += dir+';'
subfolders = '[' + subfolders + ']'
print "subfolders=%s"%subfolders
if len(files)!=0:
filenames = ''
for filename in files:
filenames += filename+';'
filenames = '[' + filenames + ']'
print "files=%s"%filenames
print "<----folder&file---->"
def renameExpendNameOfFile(self,path,oldexp_name,newexp_name):
'''
:param path:路径
:param oldexp_name:旧的扩展名
:param newexp_name:新的扩展名
'''
self.path = path
self.oldexp_name = oldexp_name
self.newexp_name = newexp_name
changedCount = 0
for (path,dirs,files) in os.walk(path):
for filename in files:
ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1] #取得文件类型，注意它还带着点号
if (ext == oldexp_name):
changedCount += 1
newname = filename.replace(oldexp_name, newexp_name)
oldpath = path + "\\" + filename
newpath = path + "\\" + newname
try:
os.rename(oldpath, newpath)
print 'No.%d'%changedCount, 'change', oldpath, 'to', newpath
except BaseException, e:
print(str(e))
def renameExpendNameOfFile2(self):
'''
修改文件的后缀名,有控制台输入参数
'''
str = u'请输入要处理的文件夹路径====>'
path = raw_input(str.encode('utf-8'))
print path
str = u'请输入源文件类型(不包括.)====>'
old_ext = "."+raw_input(str.encode('utf-8'))
print old_ext
str = u'请输入目标文件类型(不包括.)====>'
new_ext = "."+raw_input(str.encode('utf-8'))
print new_ext
print #输出空行占位
f = FileOption()
f.TraverseFolder(path)
print
str = u'开始批量更名'
print str
print '<-----------------'
changedCount = 0
for (path,dirs,files) in os.walk(path):
for filename in files:
ext = os.path.splitext(filename)[1] #取得文件类型，注意它还带着点号
if (ext == old_ext):
changedCount += 1
newname = filename.replace(old_ext, new_ext)
oldpath = path + "\\" + filename
newpath = path + "\\" + newname
try:
os.rename(oldpath, newpath)
print 'No.%d'%changedCount, 'change', oldpath, 'to', newpath
except BaseException, e:
print(str(e))
print '----------------->'
def deleteFolder(self,path):
'''
删除指定目录下的文件
:param path:
'''
self.path = path
for root ,dirs,files in os.walk(path, False):
for name in files:
os.remove(os.path.join(root,name))
for name in dirs:
os.rmdir(os.path.join(root,name))
def remove_empty_dir(self,path):
'''
删除目录下所有的空文件夹
:param path:
'''
self.path = path
while(path[-1] == "\\"):
path = path[:-1]
print path
a = {}
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path, False):
print dirs
if len(files) == 0:
a[root] = 0
else:
for file in files:
try:
fn = os.path.join(root, file)
size = os.path.getsize(fn)
if size != 0:
b = root
while(b != path):
a[b] = 1
b = b.rpartition("\\")[0]
a[path] = 1
else:
try:
os.remove(fn)
a[root] = 0
except (WindowsError):
b = root
while(b != path):
a[b] = 1
b = b.rpartition("\\")[0]
a[path] = 1
except (WindowsError):
b = root
while(b != path):
a[b] = 1
b = b.rpartition("\\")[0]
a[path] = 1
if a[root]:
break;
empty_dirs = []
for i,j in a.iteritems():
if j == 0:
print i
empty_dirs.insert(0, i)
del a
empty_dirs.sort(reverse = True)
for i in empty_dirs:
try:
os.rmdir(i)
print "%s 删掉了!!" % (i)
except (WindowsError):
print "%s 删不掉!!" % (i)
def zipAllFiles(self,startdir,zipPath):
'''
实现批量压缩文件
:param startdir: 压缩包的层次 比如download.zip解压开是：download/1/1.html 所以startdir 就是‘f:/download/’
:param zipPath: download/1/ 文件的上次层次
'''
self.startdir = startdir
self.zipPath = zipPath
for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(startdir):
for filename in filenames:
newp = dirpath+'\\'
if newp.find('F:'+zipPath)==0:
print os.path.join(newp,filename)
# f = zipfile.ZipFile('F:\pythonTest\zipTest\\'+'download'+str(DownID)+'.zip','a',zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
# f.write(os.path.join(newp,filename))
# print os.path.join(newp,filename)
# f.close()
def getAllFileSize(self,path,size):
'''
得到整个文件所在文件夹的大小
1B = 8 bit
1KB = 1024 B
1MB = 1024 KB
1MB = 1024*1024 B
1GB = 1024 MB
:param path:
'''
self.path = path
for dirpath,dirs,files in os.walk(path):
size += sum([getsize(join(dirpath,name)) for name in files])
return size
def getFileSize(self,path):
'''
得到每个文件的大小，以字典方式存入list中
:param path:
'''
self.path = path
sizeDic={}
sizeList = []
for dirpath,dirs,files in os.walk(path):
for file in files:
fileSize = getsize(join(dirpath,file))
sizeDic={file:fileSize}
sizeList.append(sizeDic)
return sizeList
if __name__=='__main__':
db = DbUtil()
create =FileOption()
size1 = create.getFileSize('F:\\pythonTest\\delete\\')
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