C#串口开发辅助类
2018-07-20 来源：open-open
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace TestSerialPort
{
/// <summary>
/// 串口开发辅助类
/// </summary>
public class SerialPortUtil
{
/// <summary>
/// 接收事件是否有效 false表示有效
/// </summary>
public bool ReceiveEventFlag = false;
/// <summary>
/// 结束符比特
/// </summary>
public byte EndByte = 0x23;//string End = "#";
/// <summary>
/// 完整协议的记录处理事件
/// </summary>
public event DataReceivedEventHandler DataReceived;
public event SerialErrorReceivedEventHandler Error;
#region 变量属性
private string _portName = "COM1";//串口号，默认COM1
private SerialPortBaudRates _baudRate = SerialPortBaudRates.BaudRate_57600;//波特率
private Parity _parity = Parity.None;//校验位
private StopBits _stopBits = StopBits.One;//停止位
private SerialPortDatabits _dataBits = SerialPortDatabits.EightBits;//数据位
private SerialPort comPort = new SerialPort();
/// <summary>
/// 串口号
/// </summary>
public string PortName
{
get { return _portName; }
set { _portName = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 波特率
/// </summary>
public SerialPortBaudRates BaudRate
{
get { return _baudRate; }
set { _baudRate = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 奇偶校验位
/// </summary>
public Parity Parity
{
get { return _parity; }
set { _parity = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 数据位
/// </summary>
public SerialPortDatabits DataBits
{
get { return _dataBits; }
set { _dataBits = value; }
}
/// <summary>
/// 停止位
/// </summary>
public StopBits StopBits
{
get { return _stopBits; }
set { _stopBits = value; }
}
#endregion
#region 构造函数
/// <summary>
/// 参数构造函数（使用枚举参数构造）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="baud">波特率</param>
/// <param name="par">奇偶校验位</param>
/// <param name="sBits">停止位</param>
/// <param name="dBits">数据位</param>
/// <param name="name">串口号</param>
public SerialPortUtil(string name, SerialPortBaudRates baud, Parity par, SerialPortDatabits dBits, StopBits sBits)
{
_portName = name;
_baudRate = baud;
_parity = par;
_dataBits = dBits;
_stopBits = sBits;
comPort.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(comPort_DataReceived);
comPort.ErrorReceived += new SerialErrorReceivedEventHandler(comPort_ErrorReceived);
}
/// <summary>
/// 参数构造函数（使用字符串参数构造）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="baud">波特率</param>
/// <param name="par">奇偶校验位</param>
/// <param name="sBits">停止位</param>
/// <param name="dBits">数据位</param>
/// <param name="name">串口号</param>
public SerialPortUtil(string name, string baud, string par, string dBits, string sBits)
{
_portName = name;
_baudRate = (SerialPortBaudRates)Enum.Parse(typeof(SerialPortBaudRates), baud);
_parity = (Parity)Enum.Parse(typeof(Parity), par);
_dataBits = (SerialPortDatabits)Enum.Parse(typeof(SerialPortDatabits), dBits);
_stopBits = (StopBits)Enum.Parse(typeof(StopBits), sBits);
comPort.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(comPort_DataReceived);
comPort.ErrorReceived += new SerialErrorReceivedEventHandler(comPort_ErrorReceived);
}
/// <summary>
/// 默认构造函数
/// </summary>
public SerialPortUtil()
{
_portName = "COM1";
_baudRate = SerialPortBaudRates.BaudRate_9600;
_parity = Parity.None;
_dataBits = SerialPortDatabits.EightBits;
_stopBits = StopBits.One;
comPort.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(comPort_DataReceived);
comPort.ErrorReceived += new SerialErrorReceivedEventHandler(comPort_ErrorReceived);
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 端口是否已经打开
/// </summary>
public bool IsOpen
{
get
{
return comPort.IsOpen;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 打开端口
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public void OpenPort()
{
if (comPort.IsOpen) comPort.Close();
comPort.PortName = _portName;
comPort.BaudRate = (int)_baudRate;
comPort.Parity = _parity;
comPort.DataBits = (int)_dataBits;
comPort.StopBits = _stopBits;
comPort.Open();
}
/// <summary>
/// 关闭端口
/// </summary>
public void ClosePort()
{
if (comPort.IsOpen) comPort.Close();
}
/// <summary>
/// 丢弃来自串行驱动程序的接收和发送缓冲区的数据
/// </summary>
public void DiscardBuffer()
{
comPort.DiscardInBuffer();
comPort.DiscardOutBuffer();
}
/// <summary>
/// 数据接收处理
/// </summary>
void comPort_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
//禁止接收事件时直接退出
if (ReceiveEventFlag) return;
#region 根据结束字节来判断是否全部获取完成
List<byte> _byteData = new List<byte>();
bool found = false;//是否检测到结束符号
while (comPort.BytesToRead > 0 || !found)
{
byte[] readBuffer = new byte[comPort.ReadBufferSize + 1];
int count = comPort.Read(readBuffer, 0, comPort.ReadBufferSize);
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
_byteData.Add(readBuffer[i]);
if (readBuffer[i] == EndByte)
{
found = true;
}
}
}
#endregion
//字符转换
string readString = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetString(_byteData.ToArray(), 0, _byteData.Count);
//触发整条记录的处理
if (DataReceived != null)
{
DataReceived(new DataReceivedEventArgs(readString));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 错误处理函数
/// </summary>
void comPort_ErrorReceived(object sender, SerialErrorReceivedEventArgs e)
{
if (Error != null)
{
Error(sender, e);
}
}
#region 数据写入操作
/// <summary>
/// 写入数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg"></param>
public void WriteData(string msg)
{
if (!(comPort.IsOpen)) comPort.Open();
comPort.Write(msg);
}
/// <summary>
/// 写入数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">写入端口的字节数组</param>
public void WriteData(byte[] msg)
{
if (!(comPort.IsOpen)) comPort.Open();
comPort.Write(msg, 0, msg.Length);
}
/// <summary>
/// 写入数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">包含要写入端口的字节数组</param>
/// <param name="offset">参数从0字节开始的字节偏移量</param>
/// <param name="count">要写入的字节数</param>
public void WriteData(byte[] msg, int offset, int count)
{
if (!(comPort.IsOpen)) comPort.Open();
comPort.Write(msg, offset, count);
}
/// <summary>
/// 发送串口命令
/// </summary>
/// <param name="SendData">发送数据</param>
/// <param name="ReceiveData">接收数据</param>
/// <param name="Overtime">重复次数</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int SendCommand(byte[] SendData, ref byte[] ReceiveData, int Overtime)
{
if (!(comPort.IsOpen)) comPort.Open();
ReceiveEventFlag = true; //关闭接收事件
comPort.DiscardInBuffer(); //清空接收缓冲区
comPort.Write(SendData, 0, SendData.Length);
int num = 0, ret = 0;
while (num++ < Overtime)
{
if (comPort.BytesToRead >= ReceiveData.Length) break;
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1);
}
if (comPort.BytesToRead >= ReceiveData.Length)
{
ret = comPort.Read(ReceiveData, 0, ReceiveData.Length);
}
ReceiveEventFlag = false; //打开事件
return ret;
}
#endregion
#region 常用的列表数据获取和绑定操作
/// <summary>
/// 封装获取串口号列表
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string[] GetPortNames()
{
return SerialPort.GetPortNames();
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置串口号
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj"></param>
public static void SetPortNameValues(ComboBox obj)
{
obj.Items.Clear();
foreach (string str in SerialPort.GetPortNames())
{
obj.Items.Add(str);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置波特率
/// </summary>
public static void SetBauRateValues(ComboBox obj)
{
obj.Items.Clear();
foreach (SerialPortBaudRates rate in Enum.GetValues(typeof(SerialPortBaudRates)))
{
obj.Items.Add(((int)rate).ToString());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置数据位
/// </summary>
public static void SetDataBitsValues(ComboBox obj)
{
obj.Items.Clear();
foreach (SerialPortDatabits databit in Enum.GetValues(typeof(SerialPortDatabits)))
{
obj.Items.Add(((int)databit).ToString());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置校验位列表
/// </summary>
public static void SetParityValues(ComboBox obj)
{
obj.Items.Clear();
foreach (string str in Enum.GetNames(typeof(Parity)))
{
obj.Items.Add(str);
}
//foreach (Parity party in Enum.GetValues(typeof(Parity)))
//{
// obj.Items.Add(((int)party).ToString());
//}
}
/// <summary>
/// 设置停止位
/// </summary>
public static void SetStopBitValues(ComboBox obj)
{
obj.Items.Clear();
foreach (string str in Enum.GetNames(typeof(StopBits)))
{
obj.Items.Add(str);
}
//foreach (StopBits stopbit in Enum.GetValues(typeof(StopBits)))
//{
// obj.Items.Add(((int)stopbit).ToString());
//}
}
#endregion
#region 格式转换
/// <summary>
/// 转换十六进制字符串到字节数组
/// </summary>
/// <param name="msg">待转换字符串</param>
/// <returns>字节数组</returns>
public static byte[] HexToByte(string msg)
{
msg = msg.Replace(" ", "");//移除空格
//create a byte array the length of the
//divided by 2 (Hex is 2 characters in length)
byte[] comBuffer = new byte[msg.Length / 2];
for (int i = 0; i < msg.Length; i += 2)
{
//convert each set of 2 characters to a byte and add to the array
comBuffer[i / 2] = (byte)Convert.ToByte(msg.Substring(i, 2), 16);
}
return comBuffer;
}
/// <summary>
/// 转换字节数组到十六进制字符串
/// </summary>
/// <param name="comByte">待转换字节数组</param>
/// <returns>十六进制字符串</returns>
public static string ByteToHex(byte[] comByte)
{
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(comByte.Length * 3);
foreach (byte data in comByte)
{
builder.Append(Convert.ToString(data, 16).PadLeft(2, '0').PadRight(3, ' '));
}
return builder.ToString().ToUpper();
}
#endregion
/// <summary>
/// 检查端口名称是否存在
/// </summary>
/// <param name="port_name"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool Exists(string port_name)
{
foreach (string port in SerialPort.GetPortNames()) if (port == port_name) return true;
return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 格式化端口相关属性
/// </summary>
/// <param name="port"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string Format(SerialPort port)
{
return String.Format("{0} ({1},{2},{3},{4},{5})",
port.PortName, port.BaudRate, port.DataBits, port.StopBits, port.Parity, port.Handshake);
}
}
public class DataReceivedEventArgs : EventArgs
{
public string DataReceived;
public DataReceivedEventArgs(string m_DataReceived)
{
this.DataReceived = m_DataReceived;
}
}
public delegate void DataReceivedEventHandler(DataReceivedEventArgs e);
/// <summary>
/// 串口数据位列表（5,6,7,8）
/// </summary>
public enum SerialPortDatabits : int
{
FiveBits = 5,
SixBits = 6,
SeventBits = 7,
EightBits = 8
}
/// <summary>
/// 串口波特率列表。
/// 75,110,150,300,600,1200,2400,4800,9600,14400,19200,28800,38400,56000,57600,
/// 115200,128000,230400,256000
/// </summary>
public enum SerialPortBaudRates : int
{
BaudRate_75 = 75,
BaudRate_110 = 110,
BaudRate_150 = 150,
BaudRate_300 = 300,
BaudRate_600 = 600,
BaudRate_1200 = 1200,
BaudRate_2400 = 2400,
BaudRate_4800 = 4800,
BaudRate_9600 = 9600,
BaudRate_14400 = 14400,
BaudRate_19200 = 19200,
BaudRate_28800 = 28800,
BaudRate_38400 = 38400,
BaudRate_56000 = 56000,
BaudRate_57600 = 57600,
BaudRate_115200 = 115200,
BaudRate_128000 = 128000,
BaudRate_230400 = 230400,
BaudRate_256000 = 256000
}
}
//使用方法
private void btnConnect_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
if (serial == null)
{
try
{
string portname = this.txtPort.Text;
SerialPortBaudRates rate = (SerialPortBaudRates)Enum.Parse(typeof(SerialPortBaudRates), this.txtBaudRate.Text);//int.Parse(this.txtBaudRate.Text);
SerialPortDatabits databit = (SerialPortDatabits)int.Parse(this.txtDataBits.Text);
Parity party = (Parity)Enum.Parse(typeof(Parity), this.txtParity.Text);
StopBits stopbit = (StopBits)Enum.Parse(typeof(StopBits), this.txtStopBit.Text);
//使用枚举参数构造
//serial = new SerialPortUtil(portname, rate, party, databit, stopbit);
//使用字符串参数构造
serial = new SerialPortUtil(portname, this.txtBaudRate.Text, this.txtParity.Text, this.txtDataBits.Text, this.txtStopBit.Text);
serial.DataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(serial_DataReceived);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
serial = null;
return;
}
}
if (!isOpened)
{
serial.OpenPort();
btnConnect.Text = "断开";
}
else
{
serial.ClosePort();
serial = null;
btnConnect.Text = "连接";
}
isOpened = !isOpened;
this.btnSend.Enabled = isOpened;
this.lblTips.Text = isOpened ? "已连接" : "未连接";
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
this.lblTips.Text = ex.Message;
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
}
}
void serial_DataReceived(DataReceivedEventArgs e)
{
this.txtReceived.Invoke(new MethodInvoker(delegate
{
this.txtReceived.AppendText(e.DataReceived + Environment.NewLine);
}));
}
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