spring MVC 入门程序

由上一篇文章的分析spring MVC主要有以下几个组成部分：dispatcherServlet、HandlerMapping、HandlerAdapter、Handler、ViewResolver、View。其中

DispatcherServlet：前端控制器，由springmvc提供

HandlerMappting：处理器映射器，由springmvc提供

HandlerAdapter：处理器适配器，由springmvc提供

Handler：处理器，需要程序员开发

ViewResolver：视图解析器，由springmvc提供

View：真正视图页面需要由程序编写

1.新建dynamic web工程，HelloSpringMVC

2.在lib目录下放入需要的jar包

3.前端控制器配置

前端控制器在web.xml中进行配置

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appxmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaeehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
 <display-name>HelloSpringMVC</display-name>
 
  <servlet>
       <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
       <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
       <init-param>
                <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                <param-value>classpath:SpringMVC-servlet.xml</param-value>
       </init-param>
       <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
       <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
       <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
 
  <welcome-file-list>
   <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
   <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
   <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
   <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
   <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

4.处理器映射器、处理器适配器、视图解析器配置

这些在springMVC-servlet中配置，在工程目录下新建config的源码文件夹，新建springMVC-servlet.xml文件

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
             ">
  
 
         <!-- 自动装配bean -->
   <!-- 自动检测bean -->
         <context:component-scan
                   base-package="com.hellospringmvc"
         ></context:component-scan>
 
         <!-- 配置处理器映射器 -->
         <!-- 根据bean的name进行查找Handler 将action的url配置在bean的name中 -->
         <bean
                   class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
                            <propertyname="mappings">
                                     <props>
                                               <propkey="/helloController.action">helloController</prop>
                                     </props>
                            </property>
                   </bean>
        
         <!-- 配置处理器适配器 -->
         <bean
                   class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
        
         <beanname="/helloController" id = "helloController" class ="com.hellospringmvc.HelloController"></bean>
         <!-- 配置视图解析器
                   要求将jstl的包加到classpath
          -->
   <beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/" />
      <property name="suffix"value=".jsp" />
   </bean>
 
</beans>

也可以用SimpleurlhandlerMapping作为处理器映射器，配置文件如下

<?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
             ">
  
 
         <!-- 自动装配bean -->
   <!-- 自动检测bean -->
         <context:component-scan
                   base-package="com.hellospringmvc"
         ></context:component-scan>
 
         <bean id ="helloController" class ="com.hellospringmvc.HelloController"></bean>
 
         <!-- 配置处理器映射器 -->
         <!-- 根据bean的name进行查找Handler 将action的url配置在bean的name中 -->
         <bean
                   class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
                            <propertyname="mappings">
                                     <props>
                                               <propkey="/helloController.action">helloController</prop>
                                     </props>
                            </property>
                   </bean>
        
         <!-- 配置处理器适配器 -->
         <bean
                   class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
        
        
         <!-- 配置视图解析器
                   要求将jstl的包加到classpath
          -->
   <beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name="prefix"value="/WEB-INF/" />
      <property name="suffix"value=".jsp" />
   </bean>
 
</beans>

5.POJO编写

在src目录下新建com.hellospringmvc包，新建Item类

packagecom.hellospringmvc;
 
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
public classItem {
         private int id;
         private String name;
         private String detail;
         public String getDetail() {
                   return detail;
         }
         public void setDetail(String detail) {
                   this.detail = detail;
         }
         private double price;
         public int getId() {
                   return id;
         }
         public void setId(int id) {
                   this.id = id;
         }
         public String getName() {
                   return name;
         }
         public void setName(String name) {
                   this.name = name;
         }
         public double getPrice() {
                   return price;
         }
         public void setPrice(double price) {
                   this.price = price;
         }
}

6.Handler编写

com.hellospringmvc包下新建HelloController类

packagecom.hellospringmvc;
 
importjava.util.ArrayList;
importjava.util.List;
 
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
importorg.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
importorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
importorg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller;
 
public classHelloController implements Controller{
 
         @Override
         public ModelAndViewhandleRequest(HttpServletRequest request,
                            HttpServletResponseresponse) throws Exception {
                  
                   //商品列表
                   List<Item> itemsList =new ArrayList<Item>();
                  
                   Item items_1 = new Item();
                   items_1.setName("联想笔记本");
                   items_1.setPrice(6000f);
                   items_1.setDetail("ThinkPadT430 联想笔记本电脑！");
                  
                   Item items_2 = new Item();
                   items_2.setName("苹果手机");
                   items_2.setPrice(5000f);
                   items_2.setDetail("iphone6苹果手机！");
                  
                   itemsList.add(items_1);
                   itemsList.add(items_2);
                  
                   //创建modelAndView准备填充数据、设置视图
                   ModelAndView modelAndView =new ModelAndView();
                  
                   //填充数据
                   modelAndView.addObject("itemsList",itemsList);
                   //视图
                   modelAndView.setViewName("helloController");
                  
                   return modelAndView;
         }
 
 
}

7.发布网站。访问http://localhost/HelloSpringMVC/helloController.action 

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