java生成二维码
2018-07-20 来源：open-open
/**
*
*/
package com.spg.test;
/**
* 项目名称：weixinpay
*
* @description:二维码生成<br>
* 注意生成二维码和解析过程中的编码必须为GBK，否则解析过程会出错。
*
* @author spg
*
* @create_time：2014年5月20日 上午11:26:27
*
* @version V1.0.0
*
*/
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.AffineTransformOp;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.BufferedImageLuminanceSource;
import com.google.zxing.client.j2se.MatrixToImageWriter;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;
public class QRCodeUtil
{
/**
* 二维码宽高度默认200
*/
private static final int DEFAULT_IMAGE_WIDTH = 300;
private static final int DEFAULT_IMAGE_HEIGHT = 300;
/**
* 生成带图片二维码时内部图片大小
*/
private static final int INNER_IMAGE_WIDTH = 60;
private static final int INNER_IMAGE_HEIGHT = 60;
private static final int IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH = INNER_IMAGE_WIDTH / 2;
private static final int FRAME_WIDTH = 2;
/**
* 生成普通二维码
*
* @param contents 内容
* @param width 二维码宽度，如果小于0，则按默认大小生成
* @param height 二维码高度，如果小于0，则按默认大小生成
* @param imgPath 生成后的文件完整存放路径，包含文件名。形如D:\aa.jpg
*/
public static void encodePR(String contents, int width, int height,
String imgPath)
{
Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>();
// 指定纠错等级
hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.L);
// 指定编码格式
hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "GBK");
if (width <= 0 || height <= 0)
{
width = DEFAULT_IMAGE_WIDTH;
height = DEFAULT_IMAGE_HEIGHT;
}
try
{
BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(contents,
BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, width, height, hints);
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(bitMatrix, "jpg",
new FileOutputStream(imgPath));
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 生成带图片的二维码
*
* @param content
* @param width
* @param height
* @param srcImagePath
* @param destImagePath
*/
public static void encodePR(String content, int width, int height,
String srcImagePath, String destImagePath)
{
try
{
ImageIO.write(genBarcode(content, width, height, srcImagePath),
"jpg", new File(destImagePath));
} catch (IOException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (WriterException e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 针对二维码进行解析
*
* @param imgPath 二维码文件路径
* @return
*/
public static String decodePR(String imgPath)
{
BufferedImage image = null;
Result result = null;
try
{
image = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));
if (image == null)
{
throw new RuntimeException("the decode image may be not exists.");
}
LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new HashMap<DecodeHintType, Object>();
hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "GBK");
result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
return result.getText();
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 创建条形码
*
* @param contents
* @param width
* @param height
* @param imgPath
*/
public static void encodeBar(String contents, int width, int height,
String imgPath)
{
// 条形码的最小宽度
int codeWidth = 98;
codeWidth = Math.max(codeWidth, width);
try
{
BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(contents,
BarcodeFormat.EAN_13, codeWidth, height, null);
MatrixToImageWriter.writeToStream(bitMatrix, "png",
new FileOutputStream(imgPath));
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 针对条形码进行解析
*
* @param imgPath
* @return
*/
public static String decodeBar(String imgPath)
{
BufferedImage image = null;
Result result = null;
try
{
image = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));
if (image == null)
{
System.out.println("the decode image may be not exit.");
}
LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, null);
return result.getText();
} catch (Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 把传入的原始图像按高度和宽度进行缩放，生成符合要求的图标
*
* @param srcImageFile
* 源文件地址
* @param height
* 目标高度
* @param width
* 目标宽度
* @param hasFiller
* 比例不对时是否需要补白：true为补白; false为不补白;
* @throws IOException
*/
private static BufferedImage scale(String srcImageFile, int height,
int width, boolean hasFiller) throws IOException
{
double ratio = 0.0; // 缩放比例
File file = new File(srcImageFile);
BufferedImage srcImage = ImageIO.read(file);
Image destImage = srcImage.getScaledInstance(width, height,
BufferedImage.SCALE_SMOOTH);
// 计算比例
if ((srcImage.getHeight() > height) || (srcImage.getWidth() > width))
{
if (srcImage.getHeight() > srcImage.getWidth())
{
ratio = (new Integer(height)).doubleValue()
/ srcImage.getHeight();
} else
{
ratio = (new Integer(width)).doubleValue()
/ srcImage.getWidth();
}
AffineTransformOp op = new AffineTransformOp(
AffineTransform.getScaleInstance(ratio, ratio), null);
destImage = op.filter(srcImage, null);
}
if (hasFiller)
{// 补白
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics2D graphic = image.createGraphics();
graphic.setColor(Color.white);
graphic.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
if (width == destImage.getWidth(null))
graphic.drawImage(destImage, 0,
(height - destImage.getHeight(null)) / 2,
destImage.getWidth(null), destImage.getHeight(null),
Color.white, null);
else
graphic.drawImage(destImage,
(width - destImage.getWidth(null)) / 2, 0,
destImage.getWidth(null), destImage.getHeight(null),
Color.white, null);
graphic.dispose();
destImage = image;
}
return (BufferedImage) destImage;
}
/**
* 产生带有图片的二维码缓冲图像
*
* @param content
* @param width
* @param height
* @param srcImagePath
* @return
* @throws WriterException
* @throws IOException
*/
private static BufferedImage genBarcode(String content, int width,
int height, String srcImagePath) throws WriterException,
IOException
{
// 读取源图像
BufferedImage scaleImage = scale(srcImagePath, INNER_IMAGE_WIDTH,
INNER_IMAGE_HEIGHT, true);
int[][] srcPixels = new int[INNER_IMAGE_WIDTH][INNER_IMAGE_HEIGHT];
for (int i = 0; i < scaleImage.getWidth(); i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < scaleImage.getHeight(); j++)
{
srcPixels[i][j] = scaleImage.getRGB(i, j);
}
}
Map<EncodeHintType, Object> hint = new HashMap<EncodeHintType, Object>();
hint.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "GBK");
hint.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);
// 生成二维码
MultiFormatWriter mutiWriter = new MultiFormatWriter();
BitMatrix matrix = mutiWriter.encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE,
width, height, hint);
// 二维矩阵转为一维像素数组
int halfW = matrix.getWidth() / 2;
int halfH = matrix.getHeight() / 2;
int[] pixels = new int[width * height];
for (int y = 0; y < matrix.getHeight(); y++)
{
for (int x = 0; x < matrix.getWidth(); x++)
{
// 读取图片
if (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH
&& x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH
&& y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH
&& y < halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH)
{
pixels[y * width + x] = srcPixels[x - halfW
+ IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH][y - halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH];
}
// 在图片四周形成边框
else if ((x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH
&& x < halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
&& y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH
+ IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)
|| (x > halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH
&& x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
&& y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH
+ IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)
|| (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH
&& x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
&& y > halfH - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH
- IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH)
|| (x > halfW - IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH
&& x < halfW + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH
&& y > halfH + IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH - FRAME_WIDTH && y < halfH
+ IMAGE_HALF_WIDTH + FRAME_WIDTH))
{
pixels[y * width + x] = 0xfffffff;
} else
{
// 此处可以修改二维码的颜色，可以分别制定二维码和背景的颜色；
pixels[y * width + x] = matrix.get(x, y) ? 0xff000000
: 0xfffffff;
}
}
}
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,
BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
image.getRaster().setDataElements(0, 0, width, height, pixels);
return image;
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String imgPath = "d:/pr1.jpg";
String contents = "你好,李四! welcome to zxing!"
+ "\n李四的博客[http://my.oschina.net/cloudcoder]"
+ "\nEmail[xxx@163.com]";
// 普通二维码的生成与解析
QRCodeUtil.encodePR(contents, 0, 10, imgPath);
System.out.println("生成二维码成功");
System.out.println(QRCodeUtil.decodePR(imgPath));
// 带图片的二维的生成与解析
imgPath = "d:/pr2.png";
String srcPath = "d:/src.jpg";
QRCodeUtil.encodePR(contents, 300, 300, srcPath, imgPath);
System.out.println("生成带图片的二维码成功");
System.out.println(QRCodeUtil.decodePR(imgPath));
// 条形码的生成与解析
imgPath = "d:/bar.png";
QRCodeUtil.encodeBar("6923450657713", 105, 50, imgPath);
System.out.println("生成条形码成功");
System.out.println(QRCodeUtil.decodeBar(imgPath));
}
}
注意：如果使用JDK1.7版本，jar包的maven库为：
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId>
<artifactId>javase</artifactId>
<version>3.0.1</version>
</dependency>
但是如果使用JDK1.6一下版本编译，用以上jar包会报错，改用2.2版本jar包可解决。
zxing2.2.jar下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/detail/fengspg/7378425
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